ISSN 0968-0446

Bulletin of

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TVS NATURAL

AJ?Y

THE

NATURAL
HISTORY
MUSEUM

VOLUME 31 NUMBER 1 28 JUNE 2001

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The Natural History Museum, 2001 Botany Series

ISSN 0968-0446 Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1-35

The Natural History Museum

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London SW7 5BD Issued 28 June 2001

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Printed in Great Britain by Henry Ling Ltd., at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, Dorset

Bull. nut. Hist. Mus. Loud (Bot.) 31(1): 1-4

Jssued 28 June 2001

TIE NATURAL

New synonymy in some Asian species of
Syrrhopodon (Calymperaceae: Musci)

-7 JUM 2001

.
'i

LEN T. ELLIS

Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD

SYNOPSIS. Calymperes dixoconstrictutn B.C. Tan & Mohamed is placed in synonymy with Syrrhopodon croceus Mitt., and
Calymperes mussurieme Dixon in synonymy with Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr. Syrrhopodon subelimbatus Dixon,
hitherto erroneously regarded as a synonym of Syrrhopodon trachyphyllus Mont., is conspecific with Syrrhopodon armatus Mitt.

Syrrhopodon croceus Mitt, in J. Linn. Sac., Bot. Suppl. 1: 41

(1859).
Fig. 1.

Calymperes constrictum Dixon in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 233

(1924), horn, illeg.
Calymperes dixoconstrictum B.C. Tan & Mohamed in Mohamed &

B.C. Tan, Bryologist 91: 29 (1988), syn. nov. Type: Peninsular

Malaysia, Selangor, Klang Watercatchment Forest, 12 March

1922, Burkill 6836 (BM!-holotype).

DISCUSSION. Mohamed & Tan (1988) proposed 'Calymperes
dixoconstrictum' to replace the illegitimate Calymperes constrictum
Dixon, a combination already published for a different species, i.e.
Calymperes constrictum Sull. [= Mitthyridium constrictum (Sull.)
H. Rob.]. Eddy (1990), without mention of Tan & Mohamed's new
name, placed C. constrictum Dixon in synonymy with Syrrhopodon
loreus (Sande Lac.) W.D. Reese. However, the holotype of C.
constrictum (Burkill 6836), in Dixon's herbarium (BM), represents
an extreme form of Syrrhopodon croceus Mitt, that possesses unusu-
ally poorly developed shoots and leaves.

In typical material of Syrrhopodon croceus Mitt, the leaves are <
5-10 mm long and consist of a narrowly subelliptical base, with
entire margins, extending into a linear chlorophyllose limb with a
blunt apex (Fig. la, c, e) and toothed margins. The hyaline lamina is
confined to the proximal region of the base and has a truncate to
broadly acute apex. Distally, the lamina in the leaf base is largely
composed of thick-walled, porose, orange-red cells (Fig. Ij, k). For
a short distance beyond the leaf base the margin usually possesses a
row of long, acute teeth; above these, it thickens to form a prominent
rib that extends to near the leaf apex. This is composed of stereids
enclosed within a unistratose layer of subrectangular cells (Fig. 11,
m). Subtriangular teeth occur at intervals along the rib.

The holotype of Calymperes constrictum Dixon (Burkill 6836)
has leaves which are mostly linear (reaching 5-6 mm long), but
some are relatively broad and short with broadly acute apices (Fig.
Ib, d), as illustrated by Dixon in the protologue. The hyaline lamina
occupies the entire length of the leaf base and possesses an acute
apex (Fig. Ih, i). Thick- walled, porose, orange-red cells are all but
absent or occur in reduced patches on either side of the hyaline
lamina in the upper leaf base (Fig. li). In the leaf limb marginal teeth
are sometimes obscure or absent, and the layer of subrectangular
cells enclosing the thick marginal rib is sometimes missing or poorly
developed. All of these features are consistent with those occurring
in depauperate, aberrant or juvenile forms of Syrrhopodon croceus
Mitt, collected elsewhere in southeast Asia. Collections similar to
Burkill 6836 have been made in the Philippines (Tan & Tandang 82-
376, FH) and South Kalimantan (Ellis 252 pro parte, BO). The latter

specimen occurred within a few meters of populations of 5. croceus
with the typical form.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Malay Peninsula. Negri Sembilan, Pasoh For-
est Reserve, Smithsonian 50 Hectare Plot, tree number 62866, March 1995,
Ellis s.n. (BM). Philippines. Luzon Island, Laguna Province, Cavinti, Bo.
Lumot, Ubali River, near Sitio Ubali, 24 October 1982, Tan & Tandang 82-
376 (FH). Indonesia. South Kalimantan, Panaan, 01 36' 44" S, 115 30'
00.5" E, 29 March 2000, Ellis 252 pro parte (BO). Sarawak. Fourth/Fifth
Division, Gunong Mulu National Park, W. of Sungei BerarCamp, 150 m, 16
March \97&,Jermy 13664:13 (BM).

Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr., Sp. muse, frond, suppl.

2(1): 110(1824).

Calymperes mussuriense Dixon, The 150th anniversary volume of
the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, 1, 2: 178 (1942), syn. nov.
Type: India, Mussooree, Landour, near Woodstock School, 2 July
1922, Dudgeon 64 (BM! -holotype).

Syrrhopodon mussuriense Broth, in R.S. Chopra, Taxonomy of
Indian mosses: 103 (1975), nom. nud. Original specimen: India,
below Mussooree, 10 September 1895, Duthie s.n. (BM!, BM-
K!).

DISCUSSION. Dixon labelled the type specimen of Calymperes
mussuriense Dixon (Dudgeon 64, BM) as 'Syrrhopodon
mussooriensis Dixon, sp. nov.'. The material was never annotated
with the published combination. Consequently, Dudgeon 64 and
two paratypes of C. mussuriense (Sawhney 236, 250, BM) have
hitherto remained unrecognized, and were filed in BM under the
unpublished herbarium name. An undated pencilled note on Dudg-
eon 64 by R.S. Chopra correctly identifies it as a form of Syrrhopodon
gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr.

Syrrhopodon mussuriensis Broth., nom. nud. is apparently based
on another collection from Mussooree (Duthie s.n.). Coincidentally,
the two duplicates of this specimen in BM are also Syrrhopodon
gardneri.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED. India. Kumaon, Thall to Dindihat, June 1926,
Sawhney 236 (BM), 250 (BM).

Syrrhopodon armatus Mitt, in /. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 151 (1863).
Fig. 2.

Syrrhopodon subelimbatus Dixon in J. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl.
9(1): 12 (1932), syn. nov. Type: Thailand, Kaw Tao, 300 m,
September 1928, fo?rr338 (BM!-holotype).

DISCUSSION. Mohamed & Reese (1985) and Menzel & Schultze-
Motel (1990) place Syrrhopodon subelimbatus Dixon in synonymy

The Natural History Museum, 2001

L.T. ELLIS

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with Syrrhopodon trachyphyllus Mont. However, the holotype
material in Dixon's herbarium (Kerr 338, BM) represents a form of
Syrrhopodon armatus Mitt. Tixier (1978) was correct to include 5.
subelimbatus in synonymy with Syrrhopodon larminatii Broth. &
Paris, the latter now recognized as conspecific with 5. armatus.

Leaves of specimens of Syrrhopodon armatus Mitt, usually pos-
sess costae with a partial to continuous superficial layer of
chlorophyllose cells, many of which are drawn out as long spines.
The cells forming the chlorophyllose lamina are very slightly ven-
trally protuberant and usually possess a simple papilla on the dorsal
and ventral surfaces. In contrast, the leaves of Syrrhopodon
trachyphyllus Mont, have the surface of the costa smooth and
usually formed by stereids. Each cell of the chlorophyllose lamina
possesses a crown of papillae on the dorsal and ventral surfaces.

Kerr 338 possesses leaves that more closely resemble those of
Syrrhopodon armatus (Fig. 2a). Chlorophyllose cells, some drawn
out as spines, form the ventral surface of the costa (Fig. 2b, e).
However, in most leaves, the dorsal surface of the costa is formed by

stereids, a few spines sometimes occurring towards the leaf apex.
The cells of the chlorophyllose lamina are unipapillose (Fig. 2f) on
the dorsal and ventral surfaces or lack papillae (Fig. 2e). These and
all other features of Kerr 338 fall within the range of variation found
in specimens of Syrrhopodon armatus.

REFERENCES

Eddy, A. 1990. A handbook of Malesian mosses, 2. London.

Menzel, M. & Schultze-Motel, W. 1990. The bryophytes of Sabah (North Borneo)

with special reference to the BRYOTROP transect of Mount Kinabalu. XI.

Calymperaceae (Bryopsida). Willdenowia 19: 475-542.
Mohamed, H. & Reese W.D. 1985. Syrrhopodon (Musci: Calymperaceae) in Malaysia

and adjacent regions. Bryologist 88: 223-254.
& Tan, B.C. 1988. A checklist of mosses of Peninsular Malaya and Singapore.

Bryologist 91: 24-^4.
Tixier, P. 1978. Le genre Syrrhopodon Schwaegr. (Calymperaceae) en Indo Malaisie.

Nova Hedwigia 29: 957-1022.

Hull. nut. Hist. Mus. Land. (Bot.) 31(l):5-7

Issued 28 June 2001

Two new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from
Panama

ALEX K. MONRO

Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD; alm@nhm.ac.uk

SYNOPSIS. Two new species of Pilea from Panama are described and illustrated: Pilea corona A.K. Monro, which most closely
resembles P. acuminata Liebm., and P. digitata A.K. Monro, which most closely resembles P.fasciata Wedd. The affinities of
these species are discussed and their position within Weddell's subdivisions of the genus indicated.

INTRODUCTION

Pilea Lindl. is the largest genus in the Urticaceae and comprises over
600 species (Burger, 1977), distributed throughout the tropics,
subtropics, and temperate regions (with the exception of Australia,
New Zealand, and Europe). It is easily distinguished from other
neotropical Urticaceae by the combination of opposite leaves and a
single, ligulate, intrapetiolar stipule in each leaf axil.

In the course of preparing a revisionary account for Flora
Mesoamericana, ten new species have already been described by the
author (Monro, 1999, 2000) and a further two new species are
described here. Their affinities are discussed and their position
within Weddell's (1869) subdivisions of the genus indicated, which
although not phylogenetic, are based on the most comprehensive
worldwide treatment of the genus.

Pilea corona A.K. Monro, sp. nov. Type: Panama, Veraguas, 3
miles from Escuela de Agricultura Alto Piedra on road to Rio
Calovebra, along stream, 2400 ft, 7 October 1979, Antonio 2043
(PMA!-holotype; MOl-isotype).

Fig. 1A-C.

Species P. acuminata Liebmann similis, sed inflorescentiis staminalis
non ramosus, stipulis minimis, differt.

Herb to 30 cm; epiphytic or epipetric. Stems erect or prostrate,
drying dark brown, pubescent, the hairs to 1 mm, appressed, curved;
cystoliths fusiform; internodes 7-3 1 x 1-4 mm, angulate or circular
in cross-section. Stipules 3-5 mm, obovate or oblong, drying grey-
brown. Leaves petiolate, petioles at the same node equal or unequal
by ratio 1:1.5-4.0, major petiole 3-34 mm, pubescent, the hairs to 1
mm, appressed, curved or straight; laminas of leaves at the same
node equal to subequal, 25-130 x 11^45 mm, elliptic, narrowly
elliptic or lanceolate, chartaceous; upper surface drying dark brown
to dark green, pubescent, the hairs to c. 0.8 mm, appressed, weakly
curved, the cystoliths fusiform, 'V- and 'Y'-shaped; lower surface
drying grey-green to grey-brown, pubescent on veins only, the hairs
to 1 mm, upright, curved or occasionally straight, glandular-punc-
tate; primary venation 3-nerved, lateral nerves visible for '/3 to 2 /3 of
the lamina length, secondary veins (4)8-16 pairs, 45-60 to the
midrib, straight; base asymmetrical or symmetrical, cuneate, attenu-
ate or decurrent; margins coarsely dentate, basal Vio to '/s entire;
apex acute. Inflorescences 2-4 per stem, unisexual, occasionally
bisexual, where bisexual dominated by a single sex; peduncular
bracts 1.0-1.5 mm; bracts c. 0.5 mm. Staminate inflorescences
solitary, 25^7 mm, bearing 15-50 flowers in a compact head;
peduncle 2 /3 to 3 /4 inflorescence length, pubescent, the hairs to

1 .5 mm, appressed, straight; pedicels 2.5^.0 mm, glabrous or
pubescent, the hairs to c. 0.5 mm, erect, crisped; flowers 3.0-3.5 x
1 .0-1 .3 mm immediately prior to anthesis, cream to brown; tepals 4,
1.0-1.3 mm, glabrous, occasionally pubescent, the hairs to c. 0.5
mm, erect, crisped, the subapical appendage 1.8-3.3 mm, linear,
pubescent, the hairs to 1 mm, erect, crisped; stamens 4. Pistillate
inflorescences solitary per axil, 3-10 mm, bearing 20-60 flowers in
a compact head; peduncle '/3 to '/2 inflorescence length, glabrous or
sparsely pubescent, the hairs to c. 0.8 mm, appressed, curved;
pedicels 0.4-0.7 mm, glabrous; dorsal tepal 0.5-0.7 mm, oblong to
obovate, the dorsal tepal appendage c. 0.3 mm, scale-shaped; lateral
tepals 0.5-0.7 mm, asymmetrically ovate. Infructescences 14-27
mm; fruit 1.0-1.4 mm, compressed, asymmetrically elliptic, the
margin narrow.

DISTRIBUTION. This species is endemic to the provinces of Chiriquf
and Veraguas in western Panama. It is found at elevations of 700-
1 200 m in wet forest.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. PANAMA. Chiriquf: SE of Fortuna Lake, near
mouth of Rio Hornito, 845'N 8213'W, 1 150 m, Hampshire & Whitefoord
318 (BM). Veraguas: above Santa Fe beyond Escuela Agricola
Interamericana, 1 .8 miles beyond fork in road on Pacific slope, above rocky
ravine on side of Cerro Tute, Croat 34207 (MO); Rio Segundo Brazo, 700 m,
Maas & Dressier 1621 (F, MO); vicinity of Escuela de Agricultura Alto
Piedra near Santa Fe, c. 1 hour walk along road beyond school, 900 m,
Antonio 2984 (MO); vicinity of Escuela de Agricultura Alto Piedra near
Santa Fe, 3 miles beyond fork in road near the school toward Atlantic coast,
near trail to top of Cerro Tute, 700 m, Antonio 3537 (MO); vicinity of Escuela
de Agricultura Alto Piedra near Santa Fe, along trail to top of Cerro Tute, 700
m, Antonio 4043 (MO); mountains W. of Alto de Piedras, Siclo Basico school
N. of Santa Fe, 700 m, Hammel 4648 (MO, NY); forest at base of Cerro Tute,
6.5 km outside Santa Fe, Folsom 3057 (MO); N. of Santa Fe on property of
Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, Mori & Kallunki 252 1 (NY); NW of Santa
Fe, 8.8 km from Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, Pacific slope, Mori et al.
3911 (NY).

Pilea corona falls into Weddell's Dentatae species group (Weddell,
1 869) in having equal-sized, toothed leaves at each node. Material of
this species has previously been determined as P. acuminata Liebm.,
which it closely resembles, but although both species occur in
Panama, P. acuminata is known only from Code Province which
lies to the east of the area from which P. corona is known. The two
taxa may be distinguished on staminate inflorescence arrangement
and stipule size, as summarized below.

Pilea acuminata: stipules 7-20 mm; staminate inflorescences with
(15-25)50-200 flowers borne in 5-30 compact heads arranged in a
loose panicle, peduncle ('/4)'/3 to '/2(-V4) inflorescence length.

Pilea corona: stipules 3-5 mm; staminate inflorescences with 15-50

The Natural History Museum, 2001

A.K. MONRO

Fig. 1 A-C. Pilea corona (Antonio 2043, MO). A. Fertile branch with staminate inflorescence and infructescence; B. Staminate flower at anthesis; C.
Pistillate inflorescence and stipule. D-F. Pilea digitata (Hampshire & Whitefoord 694, BM). D. Fertile branch; E. Staminate flower immediately prior to
anthesis; F. Pistillate inflorescence.

NEW SPECIES OF PILEA

flowers borne in a single compact head, peduncle V.i to 3 /4 inflores-
cence length.

The species epiphet refers to the staminate flowers immediately
prior to anthesis, at which time the tepal appendages give the flower
the appearance of a crowned head.

Pilea digitata A.K. Monro, sp. nov. Type: Panama, Chiriquf, trail
W. from Fortuna Dam camp to La Fortuna, 843'N 8214'W, 1300
m, 28 February 1985, Hampshire & Whitefoord 189 (PMA!-
holotype; BM!-isotype).

Fig. 1D-F.

Species P. fasciata Weddell similis, sed inflorescentiis staminalis
non ramosus, floribus staminalibus majoribus, differt.

Herb to 50 cm; terrestrial. Stems erect, prostrate at base, drying dark
brown, densely pubescent, the hairs to 1.5 mm, erect or weakly
appressed, curved; cystoliths fusiform; internodes 10-85 x 2.5-6.0
mm, angulate in cross-section. Stipules 3.0-10.5 mm, obovate to
oblong, drying dark brown. Leaves petiolate, petioles at the same
node unequal by ratio 1:1.5-3.5, the major petioles 6-30 mm,
densely pubescent, the hairs to 1 .3 mm, weakly appressed or erect,
curved or straight, the minor petioles 5-20 mm; laminas of leaves at
the same node equal, 40-130 x 17-70 mm, obovate to rhomboid to
broadly elliptic, chartaceous, occasionally bullate; upper surface
drying dark brown to dark green, pubescent, the hairs to 2 mm, erect
or appressed, weakly curved, the cystoliths fusiform and ' V -shaped,
occasionally 'Y'-shaped; lower surface drying grey-green, densely
pubescent on veins only, the hairs to 1 mm, erect, curved or
occasionally straight, glandular-punctate; primary venation 3-nerved,
lateral nerves visible for '/2 to 2 /3 of the lamina length, secondary
veins 8-26 pairs, 60-75 to the midrib, straight to weakly curved;
base asymmetrical or symmetrical, cuneate or obtuse, occasionally
decurrent; margins serrate, basal '/io to '/5 entire; apex cuspidate.
Inflorescences 2-6 per stem, unisexual; peduncular bracts 1.8-3.0
mm; bracts 1.0-1.5 mm. Staminate inflorescences solitary, 20-60
mm, bearing 30-200 flowers in a compact head; peduncle '/2 to 3 A
inflorescence length, densely pubescent, the hairs to 1.5 mm,
appressed or erect, curved or occasionally crisped; pedicels 2.5-7.0
mm, glabrous, occasionally pubescent, the hairs to c. 0.5 mm, erect,
crisped; flowers 2.5-3.5 x 1.0-1 .3 mm immediately prior to anthesis,
cream and green; tepals 4, 1.3-1.8 mm, glabrous, occasionally
pubescent, the hairs as for pedicel, the subapical appendage 1-2
mm, linear, frequently reflexed, pubescent, the hairs to 1.5 mm,
erect or appressed, curved, occasionally straight; stamens 4. Pistil-
late inflorescences solitary, 12-24 mm, bearing 45-100 flowers in a
loose panicle; peduncle '/2 to 2 /3 inflorescence length, glabrous or
pubescent, the hairs to c. 0.5 mm, erect, crisped or curved; pedicels
c. 0.5 mm, glabrous; dorsal tepal 0.7-1.0 mm, oblong, the dorsal
tepal appendage 0.4-0.5 mm, obovate to oblong; lateral tepals 0.5-
0.7 mm, asymmetrically ovate. Infructescences 13-35 mm; fruit 1.5
mm, compressed, asymmetrically elliptic, the margin narrow.

DISTRIBUTION. This species is endemic to the provinces of Bocas
del Toro, Chiriquf, Code, and Darien in Panama. It is found at
elevations of 700-1700 m in wet forest.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: along Continental
Divide from road branching north off main Fortuna-Chiriqui Grande high-
way near Continental Divide, 1.1 miles from main highway, 844'N 8217'W,
1200 m, Croat & Grayum 60315 (BM, MO); vicinity of Fortuna Dam,
840'04"N 7950'04"W, 850-900 m, McPherson 10550 (MO). Bocas del
Toro/Chiriqui border: Continental Divide above Quebrada Arena, carretera
del Oleoducta. IRHE Fortuna Hydroelectric Project, 1 150-1200 m, Knapp &
Vodicka 5639 (MO). Chiriqui: road between Fortuna Lake and Chiriquf

Grande, 4.5-5 km N. of dam over Fortuna Lake, 843'N 821 7'W, 1 1 00- 1 1 35
m, Croat & Grayum 60041 (MO); road between Gualaca and Fortuna Dam
site, 8.3 miles NW of Los Planes de Hornito, 844'N 8216'W, 1260 m, Croat
49935 (BM, MO); Distrito Boquete, Fortuna Dam site, along trail following
Continental Divide, 1100 m, van der Werff & van Hardeveld 6721 (MO);
Distrito Boquete, Fortuna Dam site, Continental Divide, 1100 m, van der
Werff & van Hardeveld 6798 (MO); La Fortuna Dam site, 9.4 miles beyond
entrance to Finca Linares, 20.9 miles from bridge to Rio Estf, 1400 m,
Antonio 2833 (MO); road between Gualaca and Fortuna Dam site, 8.3 miles
NW of Los Planes de Hornito, 1260 m, Antonio 4162 (MO); road between
Gualaca and Fortuna Dam site, 8.3 miles NW of Los Planes de Hornito, 1 260
m, Antonio 4163 (BM, MO); La Fortuna Hydroelectric project, ridge top N.
side of river, c. 1200 m, Hammel 2191 (MO); E. del campamento Bijao-
Fortuna, Mendoza et al. 264 (US); between Los Planes de Hornito and
Fortuna Lake, trail to Zarzo, 841'N 8213'W, 1200 m, Hampshire &
Whitefoord '694 (BM, PMA); Fortuna Dam, above Gualaca, 845'N 82 1 5'W,
1200 m, McPherson 6710 (MO). Code: E. of El Cope sawmill along small
stream, 700 m, Hammel 3578 (MO). Darien: Pirre Massif, Alturas de Nique,
above Cana mine, 745'N 7740'W, 1250-1500 m, McPherson 12205 (MO);
Cana-Cuasi trail, Chipigana District, 1700 m, Terry & Terry 1563a (F, GH,
MO); N. slopes of Cerro Pirre, 700-950 m, Mori & Kallunki 5478 (MO);
Cerro Campamento (S. of Cerro Pirre), Duke 15671(2) (MO); Cerro Pirre,
800-1400 m, Duke & Elias 13698 (MO); Cerro Pirre, ridge top and slope
from Rancho Frio to Rancho Plastico, 800-1200 m, Folsom 4204 (MO);
Coasi-Cana trail, between Cerro Campamento and La Escalera to 'Paramo',
E. of Tres Bocas, Kirkbride & Duke 1336 (MO, NY); summit of Cerro Pirre,
1000-1400 m, Gentry & Clewell 7112 (MO); vicinity of Cerro Tacarcuna
summitcamp, along stream N. of camp, 1550-1650 m, Gentry & Mori 14056
(F, MO).

This species falls into Weddell's (1869) Dentatae species group in
having equal-sized, toothed leaves at each node. Material of Pilea
digitata has previously been determined as P. fasciata Wedd., P.
latifolia Wedd., and P.rugosissima Killip, all of which occur in
Chiriqui Province. Of these it resembles only P. latifolia and P.
fasciata, the latter closely. Pilea digitata is easily distinguished from
P. latifolia by the pubescent upper surface of the leaf lamina. It may
be distinguished from P. fasciata on staminate inflorescence arrange-
ment and flower size, and pistillate inflorescence flower number, as
summarized below.

Pilea fasciata: staminate inflorescences with flowers borne in a
loose panicle, flowers 1.3-1.8 mm; pistillate inflorescences bearing
100-280 flowers.

Pilea digitata: staminate inflorescences with flowers borne in a
single compact head, flowers 2.5-3.5 mm; pistillate inflorescences
bearing 45-100 flowers.

The species epiphet refers to the tepal appendages of the staminate
flowers which, because of their rounded apex, resemble fingers.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. I thank the curators at C, F, GH, MO, and NY for
the loan of herbarium material, Helen Greenop for providing the botanical
illustrations, and Sandy Knapp and Bob Press for help with the preparation of
the manuscript.

REFERENCES

Burger, W. 1977. Pilea. In W. Burger (Ed.), Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana, Botany 40:

246-272.
Monro, A.K. 1999. Seven new species of Pilea Lindley (Urticaceae) from Mesoamerica.

Novon 9: 390-400.
2000. Three new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from Costa Rica and Panama.

Bulletin of The Natural History Museum, Botany series 30: 7-11.
Weddell, H.A. 1 869. Pilea. In A. De Candolle, Prodromus svstematis naturalis regni

vegetabilis 16(1): 104-163. Paris.

Bull. nut. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.) 31(1): 9-25

\

Issued 28 June 2001

Synopsis of Mesoamerican Pilea (Urticaceae),
including eighteen typifications and a key to
the species

ALEX K. MONRO

Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD; alm@nhm.ac.uk

CONTENTS

Introduction 9

Materials and methods 9

Taxonomic treatment 10

Key to the species 10

References 17

Material examined 17

Systematic index 25

SYNOPSIS. A key to the Mesoamerican taxa of Pilea is presented together with a nomenclatural revision of 85 names, of which
1 8 are typified here: P. brittoniae Urb., P. centradenoides Seem., P. cornuto-cucullata Cufod., P.forgeti N.E. Br., P. hyalina Fenzl,
P. imparifolia Wedd., P. involucrata (Sims) Urb., P. latifolia Wedd., P. lundii Liebm., P. microphylla var.peregrina (Griseb.) Urb.,
P. nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd., P. ovalis Griseb., P. pteridada Donn. Sm., P. pubescens Liebm., P. rubiifolia Blume, P. rupicola
Wedd., P. trianaeana Wedd., and P. vulcanica Liebm. A list of material examined with determinations is appended.

INTRODUCTION

With over 600 species (Burger, 1977), Pilea Lindl. is the largest
genus in the Urticaceae and one of the larger genera in the Urticales.
It is distributed throughout the tropics, subtropics and temperate
regions (with the exception of Australia, New Zealand and Europe)
and easily distinguished from other neotropical Urticaceae by the
combination of opposite leaves and a single ligulate intrapetiolar
stipule in each leaf axil.

Pilea was first described by Lindley in 1 82 1 using Pilea muscosa
Lindl., a superfluous name for P. microphylla (L.) Liebm., as its
type. This species was introduced as a greenhouse exotic in the early
nineteenth century. Prior to Lindley's description there had been
disagreement as to where it should be placed, with Linnaeus (1759)
placing it in Parietaria L. and Swartz (1797) and Willdenow (1805)
placing it in Urtica L. Little more than 30 years later Weddell, in his
comprehensive revisions of the genus in 1856-1857 and 1869, had
identified 159 taxa in three major subgeneric groupings, many of
these taxa having been originally placed in Urtica by their authors.

Pilea has attracted little monographic attention since Weddell's
monographs but the genus has attracted significant contributions
from localized treatments (Killip, 1939; Standley & Steyermark,
1952; Adams, 1972; Burger, 1977 and Chen, 1982) and by 1997 a
further 562 names and 17 major subgeneric groupings had been
published (Anon., 1997).

For the purpose of this synopsis, the definition of Mesoamerica is
that used in Flora Mesoamericana (Davidse et al., 1994), a region
bounded to its north by the Mexican states of Yucatan, Campeche,
Tabasco, Quintana Roo and Chiapas, and to its south by Panama.
This represents the closest geopolitical delimitation of the
Mesoamerican phytogeographical region. Within Mesoamerica there
are 85 names for 56 recognized taxa of Pilea and there is significant

confusion over the application of many names. Combined with a
lack of regional keys, and the similarity of form and habit within the
genus, the determination of collections can be very difficult and has
resulted in a significant proportion of herbarium material from
Mesoamerica being misidentified. As more names are published
(there are currently over 800 (Index Kewensis, 1 997)) so the logistical
problems of undertaking a monographic revision grow, and the
classification of the genus has become more problematic. Whether
or not Pilea is the subject of a global monographic revision in the
near future, it is felt that the preparation of an identification key and
nomenclatural review for Mesoamerican Pilea would be a useful
first step in addressing some of the problems encountered whilst
dealing with this genus for Flora Mesoamericana and would help
provide a foundation for future work on neotropical Pilea.

In this treatment types are cited with the country of origin,
collector name and number and the herbaria from which material has
been seen. However, where types are designated here, all of the label
locality information available, and the date of collection is included.
Distributions for each species are given to country level within
Mesoamerica, with the exception of Mexico and species which are
only known from a single country, where they are given to state
level. Global distributions are given to regional level e.g. South
America, West Indies etc., following Flora Mesoamericana protocols
(Davidse et al., 1994).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The nomenclatural revision was based on the examination of the
original published descriptions, type material for all 85 names, and
all Mesoamerican material available on loan from BRU, C, F, GH,
ITIC, K, LL, MEXU, MO, NY, P, PH, PMA, SCZ, TEX, and US. In

The Natural History Museum, 2001

10 A.K. MONRO

addition, material of related species from outside Mesoamerica, and Upper leaf surface pubescent 26

from areas adjacent to Mesoamerica (e.g. Oaxaca and Veracruz in 8 Petioles winged 9

Mexico) was obtained, with the result that 2064 collections were

examined and determined, 1748 of them from Mesoamerica. Of the

85 names included in this study, type material is known to have been 9 Stipules 2-6 mm long, ovate; upper leaf surface frequently with 'V-

destroyed for only one species (Pilea cornuto-cucullata Cufod.), shaped cystoliths 26. P. irrorata

and in this case a photograph of the holotype exists. Where it was felt Stipules ^ 23 mm long obovate or oblong . upper , eaf surface , ackjng

that the existing type material was ambiguous, e.g. in the case of 'V-shaped cystoliths 41. P. pteropodon

Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd. where the type element was an

.,, ., .. , . , 10 Leaves of unequal length in pair, the ratio of smaller to larger > 1:1.5

illustration, then an epitype was selected.

As the number of species described in Pilea has grown, so have

the characters used to delimit species in the genus. The most Leaves of equal or subequal length in pair, if subequal then the ratio of

frequently used macromorphological characters used by previous smaller to larger < 1:1.5 12

authors have been: leaf isomorphy and margin morphology, staminate 1 1 Petioles pubescent; leaf margin deeply serrate, the teeth weakly ascend-

inflorescence arrangement, staminate flower division and staminate ing 6. P. centradenoides

tepal appendage morphology, stipule morphology, cystolith arrange- _ Petioles glabrous; leaf margin weakly serrate? the teeth strongly ascend .

ment in the leaves, and fruit size. In this study, emphasis was also mg j2 p costaricensis

placed on pistillate inflorescence arrangement, pistillate flower size

, L . , 12 Lower surface of leaves pubescent 13

and dorsal tepal morphology, and stem morphology. All material

was examined using a stereo microscope at x64 to x400 magnifica- Lower surface of leaves glabrous 20

tion and up to 71 observations were made for each specimen , 3 Petio i es glabrous ... ... 10. P.cornuto-cucullata

sampled. These observations were then used as a guide to delimiting

taxa and in the preparation of the identification key. The key to the Petioles pubescent 4

species was prepared using herbarium specimens and the observ- 14 Lea f margin entire from the base for > '/ 2 of the leaf length 15

ations made for each species; it was then tested in the herbarium on

the loan material and collections at BM, and on the collections Leaf mar in entire from the base for ^ ' /3 of the leaf len S th 16

present at GH and P in 1 999. 1 5 Secondary leaf veins 5-9 pairs, 30-65 to the midrib; stipules 2.5-5 mm

Many of the characters used in this key are very small and it may long; staminate inflorescence < 10 mm long 25. P. involucrata

be necessary to make measurements +/- 0.1 mm; a dissecting _ Secondary leaf veins 7- 16 pairs, 60-75 to the midrib; stipules 5- 14 mm

microscope (to x200) is therefore recommended. The terminology long; staminate inflorescence > 30 mm long 19. P. forget!

used for the description of leaf shape is based on that in Stearn

(1992). Because of their small size and large number, it is usually 16 Secondar y leaf veins 4-6 pairs; lower surface of leaves eglandular;

fairly easy to find well preserved flowers on herbarium specimens. staminate flowers 3 -P arted; fruit * 2 mm lon S 54 " R tri P artita

Secondary leaf veins 6-28 pairs; lower surface of leaves glandular-
punctate; staminate flowers 4-parted; fruit < 1.5 mm long 17

TAXONOMIC TREATMENT 17 Leaves lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, or sometimes falcate; lateral
veins visible for over Y* of the leaf length; staminate inflorescences <

Key to the species 15 mm long 34 ' R pallida

Leaves ovate, elliptic, broadly elliptic, rhomboid, obovate, but never

1 Leaves pectinate 40. P. pteridophylla falcate; lateral veins visible for 2 /i- 3 / 4 of the leaf length; staminate

inflorescences >15 mm long 18

Leaves entire, serrate, crenate or sinuate, but never pectinate 2

18 Leaf base cordate or occasionally subcordate; stipules widest at or

2 Leaves sinuate 52. P. trichomanophylla below the midpoint; staminate flowers borne in 1-3 compact heads

Leaves entire, serrate or crenate 3 pittien

- Leaf base acute, cuneate, decurrent, obtuse, subcordate or cordate;

3 Leaves 4-6 at each node, verticillate 49. P. senanfoha

stipules widest at or above the midpoint; staminate flowers borne in

Leaves 2 at each node, opposite 4 loose panicles, or in 5 or more compact heads borne in a loose panicle

... 19

4 Stipules generally more than 2 mm long, prominent (clearly visible to

the naked eye), auriculate, cordiform, ovate, oblong or obovate, occasion- 19 Leaves oblanceolate, rhomboid or elliptic; stipules 3-6 mm long;

ally caducous 5 secondary leaf veins 60-90 to the midrib; subapical appendage of

staminate tepals 1.3-1.5 mm long 28. P. latifolia

Stipules generally less than 2 mm long, evident to obscure (not clearly

visible to the naked eye), deltate or broadly ovate 42 Leaves ovate to elliptic; stipules 7-20 mm long; secondary leaf veins

3545 to the midrib; subapical appendage of staminate tepals 0.3-0.5

5 Leaf margin entire 6 mm long 1 . P. acuminata

Leaf margin serrate or crenate, at least towards the leaf apex 7 20 Petioles pubescent, the hairs short, curved and appressed (frequently

6 Stipules auriculate; upper leaf surface densely pubescent, the hairs to difficult tO see with the naked eye) 21

1.3 mm long 29. P. lindeniana Petioles glabrous 22

Stipules narrowly ovate to ovate; upper leaf surface glabrous to sparsely 2 1 Leaves 63-235 mm long, with 1 3-28 pairs of secondary veins 60-80 to

pubescent, where pubescent the hairs to 2.3 mm long the midrib 34. P. pallida

Leaves 6.547 mm long, with 3-7 pairs of secondary veins 30-45 to the

7 Upper leaf surface glabrous 8 midrib 4. P. auriculata

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

11

22 Upper surface of leaves variegated, the variegation visible when dry

5. P. cadierei

Upper surface of leaves never variegated, or if so, the variegation not
visible when dry 23

23 Leaf margin entire from the base for > 2 /3 of the leaf length, thereafter
remotely crenat 2. P. adamsiana

- Leaf margin entire from the base for > 2 /3 of the leaf length, thereafter
serrate, crenate or serrate-crenate 24

24 Leaves obovate 19. P. forget!

Leaves ovate, lanceolate or elliptic 25

25 Upper surface of leaves drying bright green, yellow-green or occasion-
ally pale brown 45. P. quercifolia

Upper surface of leaves drying dark brown, almost black

10. P. cornuto-cucullata

26 Leaves of unequal length in pair, the ratio of smaller to larger > 1 : 1 .5

27

Leaves of equal or subequal length in pair, where subequal the ratio of
smaller to larger < 1:1.5 28

27 Stipules cordiform or broadly ovate, auriculate at the base; lower
surface of leaves glabrous, occasionally sparsely pubescent; secondary
leaf veins 3-5 pairs, 30-45" to the midrib 9. P. cornmanae

Stipules obovate, oblong or narrowly ovate, neither cordiform nor
auriculate at the base; lower surface of leaves always pubescent;

secondary leaf veins 6-17 pairs, 45-90 to the midrib

6. P. centradenoides

28 Lower surface of leaves glabrous 4. P. auriculata

Lower surface of leaves pubescent 29

29 Leaves orbicular or suborbicular 33. P. nummulariifolia

- Leaves ovate, elliptic, obovate, rhomboid or lanceolate 30

30 Leaves obovate, rarely elliptic or ovate 3 1

Leaves lanceolate, ovate, elliptic or rhomboid, occasionally obovate, in
which case elliptic and/or ovate leaves also present 32

31 Plants to 10cm; stem obscured by rosette of leaves

47. P. rostulata

Plants to 30 cm; stem clearly visible 25. P. involucrata

32 Stipules as broad or broader than long, broadly ovate or cordiform ....

33

- Stipules longer than broad, oblong, obovate or narrowly ovate 34

33 Leaf margin deeply serrate; inflorescences unisexual; staminate flowers
3-parted, borne in solitary compact heads, the bracts forming an invol-
ucre 48. P. rugosissima

Leaf margin crenate-serrate, not deeply so; inflorescences bisexual:
staminate flowers 4-parted, borne in loose panicles, the bracts not
forming an involucre 42. P. pubescens

34 Secondary veins < 8 pairs on larger leaves; fruit 1-3 mm long 35

Secondary veins > 8 pairs on larger leaves; fruit < 2 mm long 37

35 Leaf margin entire from the base for '/ID-'/* of its length; fruit 1 .0-1 .4
mm long 1 P. corona

Leaf margin entire from the base for 'A- 1 / 2 of its length; fruit 2-3 mm
long 36

36 Lateral veins visible for over - 1 /" of the leaf length; upper surface of
leaves sparsely pubescent, the hairs < 1 mm long; staminate flowers 3-
parted 54. P. tripartita

Lateral veins visible for '/: 73 of the leaf length; upper surface of leaves

pubescent, the hairs > 1 mm long; staminate flowers 4-parted

42. P. pubescens

37 Staminate flowers borne in 1 or more compact heads 38

Staminate flowers borne in loose panicles, occasionally borne in clumps
along panicle branches 40

38 Cystoliths of upper leaf surface fusiform; leaf base cordate or subcordate;
leaf apex acuminate to acute; subapical appendage of staminate tepals
glabrous 37. P. pittieri

Cystoliths of upper leaf surface fusiform, 'V- and or 'Y'-shaped; leaf
base never cordate; leaf apex obtuse or cuspidate; subapical appendage
of staminate tepals pubescent 39

39 Epiphytic or epipetric; leaves lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, occasionally
elliptic; pistillate inflorescences 3-10 mm long, the peduncle '/3-'/2
inflorescence length 1 1. P. corona

Terrestrial; leaves broadly elliptic, obovate or rhomboid; pistillate

inflorescence 12-24 mm long, the peduncle V 2 - 2 / 1 inflorescencelength

15. P. digitata

40 Stems pubescent, with hairs to 1.8 mm long; cystoliths on stem fusi-
form, 'V- and or 'Y'-shaped; leaves oblanceolate, rhomboid or broadly
elliptic; fruit > 1.0 mm long 18. P. fasciata

Stems pubescent, with hairs to 0.8 mm long; cystoliths on stem fusi-
form; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate; fruit 0.5-1.0 mm long 41

4 1 Cystoliths on upper surface of leaves fusiform; apices of leaves acumi-
nate to subcaudate; stipules 7-20 mm long; staminate inflorescences
30-90 mm long; fruit 1 .0 mm long 1 . P. acuminata

- Cystoliths on upper surface of leaves fusiform, 'V- and or 'Y'-shaped;
apices of leaves acute or subcuspidate; stipules 6-7 mm long; staminate
inflorescences 12-18 mm long; fruit 0.7-0.8 mm long

21. P. gomeziana

42 Upper surface of leaves pubescent 43

Upper surface of leaves glabrous 45

43 Margin serrate; staminate flowers 2-parted 23. P. hyalina

Margin entire; staminate flowers 4-parted 44

44 Leaves > 13 mm long, evenly spaced along the stem, occasionally
clustered but never forming terminal rosettes, the lower surfaces pubes-
cent towards the base 36. P. parietaria

Leaves < 10 mm long, clustered towards the apex forming terminal
rosettes, the lower surfaces glabrous 22. P. herniarioides

45 Leaves of equal or subequal length in pair, where subequal the ratio of
smaller to larger < 1:1.5 46

Leaves of unequal length in pair, the ratio of smaller to larger > 1 : 1 .5
56

46 Leaves pinnately-veined 47

Leaves 3-veined 49

47 Leaf margin entire 32. P. microphylla

Leaf margin crenate or crenate-serrate 48

48 Leaves linear-lanceolate; staminate inflorescences borne at the base of
an internode which is shorter than the adjacent leaves

39. P. plumulosa

- Leaves oblanceolate, narrowly rhomboid or narrowly obovate; staminate
inflorescences borne at the base of an internode which is longer than, or
rarely equal to, the adjacent leaves 38. P. pleuroneura

49 Lateral primary veins visible for less than '/ the leaf length 50

12

A.K. MONRO

Lateral primary veins visible for -y or more of the leaf length 51 Lateral veins of leaves visible for V" or more of the leaf length 65

50 Pistillate inflorescences bearing 6-20 flowers: larger petiole in pair <
14 mm long 14. P. dauciodora

Pistillate inflorescences bearing 30-300 flowers; larger petiole in pair >
14 mm long 56. P. vulcanica

5 1 The majority of petioles equal or subequal at each node, where subequal
the ratio of shorter to longer < 1.5 52

The majority of petioles unequal at each node, the ratio of the shorter to
longer > 1.5 54

52 Leaves 2.5-7 mm wide; petioles < 4 mm long; staminate inflorescences
bearing < 24 flowers 27. P. killipiana

Leaves > 8 mm wide; petioles > 4 mm long; staminate inflorescences
bearing > 24 flowers 53

53 Secondary leaf veins straight or weakly curved, 60-90 to the midrib;
staminate inflorescences 8-25 mm long; staminate pedicels up to 1 mm
long 31. P. mexicana

Secondary leaf veins strongly curved, 45-60 to the midrib; staminate

inflorescences 15-75 mm long; staminate pedicels up to 3 mm long

20. P. glabra

54 Leaves ovate, frequently falcate; staminate flowers 1.3-1.5 mm long

17. P. falcata

Leaves oblong, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, rarely
falcate; staminate flowers 1.5-2.8 mm long 55

55 Stems drying yellow-green, pale green or green; staminate peduncle
8 /io- 9 /io inflorescence- length, the flowers borne in solitary compact
heads 3. P. angustifolia

Stems drying brown, dark brown or black; staminate peduncle '/s-'/.i

inflorescence-length, the flowers borne in loose panicles

20. P. glabra

56 Larger leaf in pair pinnately veined 57

Larger leaf in pair 3-veined 59

57 Leaves entire; staminate flowers 0.5-0.8 mm long

32. P. microphylla

Leaves apically 3-5-dentate, rarely entire; staminate flowers 1.0-1.8
mm long 58

58 Smaller leaf in pair not reflexed; larger leaf in pair 10-63 mm long;
staminate flowers 1-1.5 mm long 24. P. imparifolia

Smaller leaf in pair generally reflexed, appearing proximate to larger
leaf; larger leaf in pair 5- 11. 5 mm long; staminate flowers 1.5-1.8 mm
long 53. P. tridentata

59 Stems prostrate 60

Stems erect 67

60 Fruit > 1.8 mm 61

Fruit < 1.5 mm 63

61 Larger leaf in pair < 30 mm 55. P. tutensis

Larger leaf in pair > 35 mm 62

62 Stems angulate in cross-section, drying dark brown almost black;
staminate inflorescences solitary, bearing 1 1-50 flowers; pistillate inflor-
escences bearing 4-30 flowers 30. P. magnicarpa

Stems rounded or irregularly shaped in cross-section, not angulate,
drying red-brown to dark brown; staminate inflorescences 1^ per axil,
bearing 15-200 flowers; pistillate inflorescences bearing 5-95(450)
flowers 43. P. purulensis

64 Smaller leaf in pair < 4 mm wide; major petiole in pair 1 .0- 1 .5 mm long

44. P. quadrata

Smaller leaf in pair > 4 mm wide; major petiole in pair 1 .5-2.5 mm long
24. P. imparifolia

65 Lower surface of leaves pubescent, the hairs c. 0.5 mm long

13. P. daguensis

Lower surface of leaves glabrous 66

66 Stems with 'V- or 'Y'-shaped cystoliths; minor leaves in pair 3-8 mm
wide; pistillate inflorescences bearing 12-200 flowers

35. P. pansamalana

Stems lacking 'V- or 'Y'-shaped cystoliths; minor leaves in pair 1.5-

2.5 mm wide; pistillate inflorescences bearing 6-25 flowers

16. P. ecboliophylla

67 Fruit > 1 .5 mm.
- Fruit < 1.5 mm.

.68

.70

68 Smaller petioles in pair > 3 mm long 8. P. conjugalis

Smaller petioles in pair < 1 .5 mm long, or leaves sessile 69

69 Stems angulate in cross-section, drying dark brown almost black;
staminate inflorescences solitary, bearing 1 1-50 flowers; pistillate inflor-
escences bearing 4-30 flowers 30. P. magnicarpa

Stems rounded or irregularly shaped in cross-section, not angulate,
drying red-brown to dark brown; staminate inflorescences 1-4 per axil,
bearing 15-200 flowers; pistillate inflorescences bearing 5-95(450)
flowers 43. P. purulensis

70 Smaller leaf in pair > 10 mm wide 50. P. skutchii

Smaller in pair < 9 mm wide 71

7 1 Upper surface of leaves lacking 'V- or 'Y'-shaped cystoliths; second-
ary leaf veins inserted 45- 60 to the midrib; Costa Rica and Panama

12. P. costaricensis

Upper surface of leaves with some 'V- or 'Y'-shaped cystoliths
present; secondary leaf veins inserted 60-90 to the midrib; Tabasco,
Chiapas, Guatemala and Belize 72

72 Smaller leaf in pair 1.0-1.8 mm wide; staminate inflorescences 16-54
mm, the flowers borne in a compact head 46. P. riparia

Smaller leaf in pair > 3 mm wide; staminate inflorescences < 1 5 mm, the
flowers borne in a loose panicle 73

73 Larger leaf in pair with ! /3 margin entire from the base; staminate
inflorescences 10-14 mm; staminate tepal subapical appendage c. 0.1
mm, scale-shaped 35. P. pansamalana

Larger leaf in pair with 2 /3 margin entire from the base; staminate
inflorescences 49 mm; staminate tepal subapical appendage 0.5-1
mm, corniculate 7. P. chiapensis

1. Pilea acuminata Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 302 (1851). Type: Mexico,
Liebmann 14238 '2' (C!-holotype).

Pilea longipes Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 302 (1851). Type: Mexico,
Liebmann 14242 (C!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca, Veracruz and Chiapas),
Costa Rica, Panama, 400-1700 m; South America.

2. Pilea adamsiana A.K. Monro in Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Land.
(Bot.)3Q: 9 (2000). Type: Panama, Hammel41Q2 (MO!-holotype).

63 Lateral veins of leaves visible for 2 /s or less of the leaf length 64 DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Veraguas), 1300-1500m.

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

3. Pilea angustifolia Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 295 (1925).
Type: Costa Rica, Cook & Doyle 181 (US!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica (Alajuela, Cartago, Puntarenas and
San Jose), 11 00-2300 m.

4. Pilea auriculata Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 299 ( 1 85 1 ). Type: Costa Rica,
Oersted s.n. (C!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, Costa Rica and
Panama, 1400-3000 m.

5. Pilea cadierei Gagnep. & Guillaumin in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser.
2, 10: 629 (1938). Type: Cultivated, from material collected in
Vietnam by Cadiere, Anon. s.n. (P!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Honduras, El Salvador and
Costa Rica, 600-1400 m; West Indies, South America, Asia, Africa,
Pacific Islands.

In cultivation throughout the tropics as an ornamental and fre-
quently escaping.

The holotype consists of a packet containing two leaves and an
inflorescence, accompanied by an original line drawing by F.
Gagnepain.

6. Pilea centradenoides Seem., Bot. voy. Herald 4: 194 (1854).
Type: Panama, Seemann 1099 (BM!-holotype; F!, MO!-isotypes);
Panama, San Bias, trail from Puerto Obaldfa to La Bonga,
tributary of the Rio Armila, c. 2 hours walk from Puerto Obaldfa,
840'N 7725'W, 0-50 m, 17 April 1982, Knapp & Mallet 4672
(BM!-epitype, designated here; MO!-isoepitype).

Pilea trianaeana Wedd. in A.DC, Prodr. 16(1): 121 (1869). Type:

Colombia, Triana 887 (Pl-lectotype, designated here; NY!-

isolectotypes).
P. variegata Wedd. in A.DC., Prodr. 16(1): 1 23(1 869), non Seemann

(1854).
P. seemannii Killip in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26: 382 (1936). Type:

Colombia, Triana 888 (P!-holotype; BMI-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama, 0-1500 m; South America.

An epitype was selected for Pilea centradenoides because the
specimen cited by Seemann as type is a sterile collection and
therefore potentially ambiguous.

A specimen of Triana 887 at BM has had the collection number
crudely altered from 885 to 887 in darker ink. This collection is
therefore not recognized as an isotype of Pilea trianaeana Wedd. in
this treatment.

The collection cited by Killip ( 1 936) as the type of Pilea seemanii
is numbered '888' at P and BM. However, there is some evidence
(Killip, 1936; pers. obs.) that duplicate Triana collections distrib-
uted to other herbaria were either not numbered, or numbered
differently. For example, Killip observed that the locality informa-
tion is cited differently for the duplicate collections of Triana 888
and in the case of other Triana collections, collection numbers have
been altered.

The combination Pilea variegata (Spreng.) Seem, was gener-
ated to account for one of Seemann's collections from Panama.
The incorporation of Urtica variegata Spreng. into the genus
Pilea by Seemann is generally accepted; however, the Seemann
collection (Seemann 561, BM) does not correspond to the taxon
described by Sprengel as U. variegata but to another species, P.
centradenoides.

13

7. Pilea chiapensis Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 295 (1925).
Type: Mexico, Rovirosa 938 (PH! -holotype).

Pilea caudata Killip in /. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 295 (1925), non
Winkler (1922). Type: Guatemala, Cook & Griggs 609 (US!-
holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Tabasco and Chiapas), Belize and Guate-
mala, 600-1200 m.

8. Pilea conjugalis A.K. Monro in Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Lond.
(Bot.) 30: 7 (2000). Type: Panama, Pittier 3230 (NY!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 1400-2200 m.

9. Pilea cornmanae Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 292 (1925).
Type: Panama, Killip 3543 (US!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 1500-2000 m.

10. Pilea cornuto-cucullataCufod. in Arch. Bot. Sist. 10: 29(1934).
Type: Costa Rica, Cufodontis 292 (Wf-holotype; F!-photo-
graph ex W); Costa Rica, San Jose, along the trail from Canaan
to Chirripo via Los Angeles, above (north of) the Rio Talari,
930'N 8332'W, 3100-3200 m, 24 August 1971, Burger 8326
(F!-neotype, designated here).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 2900-3200 m.

The holotype has been destroyed and only a photograph of the type
specimen could be traced. Since no duplicates of the holotype have
been located, a neotype has been selected.

1 1 . Pilea corona A.K. Monro in Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.)
31: 5 (2001). Type: Panama, Antonio 2043 (PMA!-holotype;
MO!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Chiriqui, Veraguas), 700-1200 m.

12. Pilea costaricensis Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 20: 294 (1895).
Type: Costa Rica, Cooper 5952 (US-799606!-holotype; US-
799605!, K!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 1000-1900 m.

13. Pilea daguensis Killip in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26: 382
(1936). Type: Colombia, Triana 889(P!-holotype; BMI-isotype).

Pilea dendrophila var. major Wedd. in A.DC. Prodr. 16(1): 122
(1869). Type: Colombia, Triana 889 (P!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Panama, 100-1000 m; South
America.

14. Pilea dauciodora Wedd. ex Pav. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3,
18: 223 (1852). Type: Peru, Pavon s.n. (Fl-W-holotype; BM!-
photograph).

Pilea uncidens Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 224 (1852).

Type: Bolivia, Weddell 456\ (P!-holotype).
P. dauciodora var. uncidens (Wedd.) Wedd. in A.DC., Prodr. 16(1):

121 (1869).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, El Sal-
vador, Costa Rica, 1400-3300 m; South America.

15. Pilea digitata A.K. Monro in Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.)
31: 7 (2001). Type: Panama, Hampshire & Whitefoord 189
(PMA!-holotype; BM!, MO!-isotypes).

14

A.K. MONRO

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui, Code, and
Darien), 700-1 700m.

16. Pilea ecboliophylla Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 46: 115 (1908).
Type: Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 7983 (US!-holotype; GH!,
MO!, NY!-isotypes).

Pilea diversissima Killip in Fieldiana, Bot. 18: 394 (1937). Type:
Costa Rica, Brenes 4851 (F!-holotype; GH!, NY!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Tabasco, Chiapas), Guatemala, Hon-
duras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama, 0-1500 m; South
America.

Pilea ecboliophylla closely resembles P. rhizobola Miq. from Brazil,
and further study may place these names in synonymy, in which case
P. rhizobola would have priority.

17. Pilea falcata Liebm. in Kongei Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., sen 5, 2: 304 (1851). Type: Mexico,
Liebmann 14241 (C!-holotype; F!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Although not known from Mesoamerica, the type
collection is from the neighbouring state of Oaxaca and this species
is expected to occur in Chiapas. Breedlove (1986: 191) recorded
Pilea falcata for Chiapas, but the determinations of the collections
on which this record is based are erroneous.

18. Pilea fasciata Wedd. in A.DC, Prodr. 16(1): 149 (1869). Type:
Colombia, Triana s.n. (P!-holotype; BM!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica, Panama, 0-1300 m; South America.

19. Pilea forget! N.E. Br. in Bot. Mag. 13: t. 8699 (1917). Type:
material grown from seed collected by Forget in Venezuela,
Brown s.n. 'June 4, 1914' (KMectotype, designated here).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama, 0-900 m, South America.

Collections of Pilea forgeti are often incorrectly determined as P.
fasciata Wedd.

The lectotype, although not cited in the original protologue, was
determined and annotated by Brown: 'Type specimen!' .

20. Pilea glabra S. Watson in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 152
(1891). Type: Mexico, Pringle 3550(GH!-holotype; K!-isotype).

Pilea tuerckheimii Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 46: 116 (1908). Type:
Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 1835 (US!-holotype; NY!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Veracruz and Chiapas),
Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, 200-
1900 m.

21. Pilea gomeziana W.C. Burger in Phytologia 31: 269 (1975).
Type: Costa Rica, Gomez P. 3304 (F!-holotype; CR, MO!, NY!,
US-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica (Cocos Island), altitude unknown.

22. Pilea herniarioides (Sw.) Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3,
18: 207 (1852). Urtica herniarioides Sw. in Kongl. Vetensk.
Acad. Nya Handl. 8: 64 (1787). Type: Hispaniola, Swartz s.n.
(S-holotype; BM!-isotype).

Pilea deltoidea Liebm. in Kongei. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 302 (1851). Type: Costa Rica,
Oersted 14240 '11/46' (C!-holotype).

P. microphylla \ar.peregrina Griseb., PL wright.: 173 (1860). Type:

Cuba, 1860-1864, Wright 1458 (Bf-holotype; BMMectotype,
designated here; K!, MO!, P!-isolectotypes).

P. brittoniae Urb., Symb. antill. 5: 528 (1908). Type: Jamaica,
vicinity of Cinchona, Point Heberu's Gap to Marc's Gap, 2-10
September 1906, Britton 95 (Bf-holotype; BMMectotype, desig-
nated here; K!, MO!, NY!-isolectotypes).

P. herniarioides var. peregrina (Griseb.) Urb. in Ark. Bot. 23A(5):
48 (1930).

P. peregrina (Griseb.) Grudz. & P. Herrepa in Novosti Sist. Vyssh.
Nizsh.Rast. 23:52(1986).

DISTRIBUTION. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Panama, 600-1000
m; West Indies.

Commonly grown as an ornamental in gardens and probably present
throughout Central America.

Pilea peregrina was apparently spelled incorrectly as 'perexigua'
when the combination was published by Grudzinskaja & Herrera
( 1 986). This would appear to be based on Urban's ( 1 930) re-spelling
of the epiphet in his recombination of Grisebach's variety as P.
microphylla var. perexigua (Griseb.) Urb. A reason for changing
Grisebach's epiphet is not given in either publication and the origi-
nal name is used here.

23. Pilea hyalina Fenzl in Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math. -
Naturwiss. Kl. 1: 256 (1850). Type: Peru, Poeppig s.n. 'Peruvia
subandina prope Cuchero ad fossas cultorum, Dec. 1829' (C!-
lectotype, designated here).

Pilea lundii Liebm. in Kongei. Danske Vidensk.Selsk. Skr.,

Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 5, 2: 299 (1851). Type: Brazil,

Lund s.n. (C! -lectotype, designated here).
P. scrobiculata Liebm. in Kongei. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,

Naturvidensk. Math. Afd., ser. 5, 2: 300 (1851). Type: Mexico,

Liebmann s.n. '14254' (C!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras,
El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama, 0-1600 m; South
America.

24. Pilea imparifolia Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 212
(1852). Type: French Guiana, 1845, Melinon 123 (P! -lectotype,
designated here).

Pilea dendrophila Miq. in Mart., Fl. Brasil. 12: 202 (1853). Type:
Brazil 'Solimoes fluvium, Rio Negro', Martins s.n. (M!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 100-1600 m; South
America.

25. Pilea involucrata (Sims) Urb., Symb. antill. 1: 298 (1899).
Urtica involucrata Sims in Bot. Mag. 51: t. 2481 (1824).
Holotype: Sims, Bot. Mag. 51: t. 2481 (1824); St. Vincent,
Anderson s.n. 'purchased 1853' (K!-epitype, designated here).

Pilea chrysosplenoides Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 209
(1852). Type: Colombia 'pres Fusaguasuga, 1844', Goudot s.n.
(P!-holotype).

P. ovalis Griseb., Fl. Brit. W. I.: 159 (1859). Type: Trinidad, Gaspari
s.n. (K! -lectotype, designated here).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 1 00-1 300 m; West Indies,
South America.

Sims provided only an illustration as a type element and no other
type elements were traced at K. Because of the ambiguous nature of
the illustration it is felt that the designation of an epitype is
appropriate.

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

15

26. Pilea irrorata Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 19: 11 (1894). Type:
Guatemala, Smith 2751 (US!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz, Chiapas) and Guate-
mala, 0-2000 m.

27. Pilea killipiana Standl. & Steyerm. in Fieldiana, Bot. 24: 415
(1952). Type: Guatemala, Steyermark 44700 (F!-holotype; NY!,
US!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, 300-500 m.

28. Pilea latifolia Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 9: 249 (1856).
Type: Colombia, Ocana, 3000 ft, '3000 Ps' [annotation by
Schlim], June 1846-1 852, Schllm 701 (PMectotype, designated
here).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Darien, Panama), 400-1700 m; South
America.

Label information for the type collection indicates that this is a
mixed collection. Each sheet has a different altitude indicated and
therefore should be considered as a distinct collection, although all
sheets have the same collection number and handwriting.

29. Pilea lindeniana Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 210
(1852). Type: Colombia, Linden 799 (P!-holotype; BM!, K!-
isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (province unknown), 2000-2800 m; South
America.

30. Pilea magnicarpa A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 398 (1999). Type:
Panama, Hammel 2424 (MO!-holotype; NY!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Code, San Bias), 400-1400 m.

31. Pilea mexicana Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 214
(1852). Type: Mexico, Linden 651 (P!-holotype).

Pilea quichensis Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 19: 12 (1894). Type:
Guatemala, Heyde & Lux 3147 (US-holotype; K!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas) and Guatemala, 1 200-
2100m.

32. Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk.
Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 296 (1851).
Parietaria microphylla L., Syst. nat. 10th ed.: 1308 (1759).
Type: Jamaica?, LINN- 1 220.8 (LINN! -lectotype, designated by
De Rooij, 1975).

Urtica serpyllacea Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. gen. sp.

2: 37 (1817). Type: Equatorial America, Bonpland 2143 (P!-

holotype).

Pilea muscosa Lindl., Coll. hot.: t. 4 (1821), nom. superfl.
P. serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm. in Kongel Danske Vidensk. Selsk.

Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 296 (1851).
P. portula Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,

Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 297 (1851). Type: Costa Rica,

'Aguacate', Oersted s.n (C!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Tabasco, Chiapas, Yucatan, Campeche,
Quintana Roo), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicara-
gua, Costa Rica , Panama, 0-2400 m; North America, Greater
Antilles, Leeward Islands, Windward Islands, South America.

This species is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental.

The lectotype of Pilea microphylla is a Patrick Browne specimen,
almost certainly collected in Jamaica, and probably purchased by
Linnaeus in 1758 (Savage, 1945). In addition Linnaeus refers to
Sloane's Voy. Jamaica (1707) in his original description.

33. Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser.
3, 18: 225 ( 1 852). Urtica nummulariifolia Sw. in Kongl. Vetensk.
Acad. Nya Handl. 8: 63 ( 1 787). Holotype: Kongl. Vetensk. Acad.
Nya Handl. 8: t.l, f. 2 (1787); Jamaica, Swam s.n. 'Herb.
Alstromer' (S!-epitype, designated here).

DISTRIBUTION. Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica
and Panama, 0-1500 m; Greater Antilles, South America.

This species is frequently used as an ornamental in gardens.

The type for Pilea nummulariifolia is an illustration which was
felt to be ambiguous in view of the large number of neotropical Pilea
species, and an epitype is selected from amongst Swartz's Jamaican
collections.

34. Pilea pallida Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 295 (1925). Type:
Panama, Rowlee & Rowlee 376 (US!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 0-1200 m.

35. Pilea pansamalana Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 19: 10 (1894).
Type: Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 939 (US-holotype; Bt, GH!,
NY!, P!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala, 800-2600 m.

36. Pilea parietaria (L.) Blume, Mus. hot. 2: 48 (1856). Urtica
parietaria L., Sp. pi.: 985 (1753). Lectotype: Sloane, Voy.
Jamaica 1: t. 93, f. 1 (1707), designated by Kellogg, 1988.

Urtica ciliaris L., Syst. nat. 10th ed.: 1266 (1759). Lectotype:
Plumier, PL amer.: t. 120, f. 2 (1757), designated by Kellogg,
1988.

U. rhombea L.f., Suppl. pi: 417 (1782). Type: Mexico, LINN-
1111.25(LINN!-holotype).

Pilea integrifolia Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 298 (1851). Type: Mexico,
Liebmann 14339 '2' (C!-holotype).

P. rhombea (L.f.) Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 305 (1851).

P. ciliaris (L.) Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 209 (1852).

P. rubiifolia Blume, Mus. hot. 2: 49 (1856). Type: Guatemala, Alta
Verapaz Department, Rubeleruz, 3000 ft. May 1 887, von Tuerck-
heim 1270 (F!-neotype, designated here; P!- isoneotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas, Yucatan), Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama, 300-2000 m; Greater Antilles,
Leeward Islands.

A neotype is selected for Pilea rubiifolia because Blume did not
explicitly cite any type material in his protologue. His citation '-
Yantencillo incolar.- In Guatemala ad rivos.', implies that he saw a
collection. However, no type material could be located at BM, L or
P and it was therefore decided to select a neotype. Standley &
Steyermark (1952: 418) erroneously cited von Tuerckheim 1270 as
the type collection.

The lectotype of Pilea parietaria (L.) Blume is an illustration
based on a typotype collection made by Sloane in Jamaica: Herb.
Sloane Vol. 2: 120, BM-SL!

37. Pilea pittieri Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 298 (1925). Type:
Costa Rica, Pittier 1 4 1 49 (US- 1 080422 !-holotype; US-577992 !-
isotype).

1(1

A.K. MONRO

Pilea phenacoides Killip in Fieldiana, Bot. 18: 1548 (1938). Type:
Costa Rica, Smith A443 (US!-holotype; F!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica (Alajuela, Cartago, Heredia, Limon,
Puntarenas, San Jose), 600-2300 m.

38. Pilea pleuroneura Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 19: 12 (1894). Type:
Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 754 (US-holotype; GH!, NY!, P!-
isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala, (300-)1200-
4000m.

39. Pilea plumulosa A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 392 (1999). Type:
Panama, Kirkbride & Duke 944 (NY!-holotype; MO-2090983!,
MO-2605434!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Bocas del Toro-Chiriquf border), 2500 m.

40. Pilea pteridophylla A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 390 (1999). Type:
Mexico, Hanan A. 438 (MEXUI-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Tabasco), 600 m.

A number of collections from Veracruz ( Wendt et al. 4877 & 39 1 2) and
Oaxaca (Wendt et al. 2538) closely resemble Pilea pteridophylla, but
differ in the presence of equal-sized leaves at each node. Further study
is needed to decide whether these collections represent a new taxon.

41. Pilea pteropodon Wedd. in A.DC., Prodr. 16(1): 144 (1869).
Type: Colombia, Triana s.n. (P!-holotype; BM!-isotype).

Pilea ptericlada Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 31: 121 (1901). Type: Costa
Rica, Cartago, Atirro, 600 m, April 1896, Smith 6779 (US!-
lectotype, designated here).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 0-2000 m; South America.

This species closely resembles Pilea verbascifolia (Poir.) Wedd.,
endemic to the Mauritius Islands.

42. Pilea pubescens Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 303 (1851). Type: Brazil,
Lund s.n. T (Cl-lectotype, designated here).

Pilea fuscata Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,

Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 300 (1851). Type: Mexico,

Liebmann s.n. (C-holotype; GH!, P!-isotypes).
P. rupicola Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 3, 18: 224 ( 1 852). Type:

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa, December, Linden 1 1 (Fl-W-lectotype,

designated here; BM!-photograph).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Tabasco, Chiapas), Belize, Guatemala,
Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama, 0-
3000 m; South America.

This species is frequently grown as a garden ornamental throughout
the neotropics.

In his original description of Pilea rupicola, Weddell cites a
collection by Linden which he saw at P. This collection could not be
traced on a visit there in 1999.

43. Pilea purulensis Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 46: 115 (1908). Type:
Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 1707 (US-holotype; BM!, C!, F!,
GH!, NY!-isotypes).

Pilea chiriquina Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 291 (1925). Type:
Panama, Killip 3546 (US!-holotype).

P. donnell-smithiana Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 292 (1925).
Type: Costa Rica, Donnell Smith 7467 (US!-holotype; GH!-
isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica and Panama, 1000-2100 m; South
America.

44. Pilea quadrata A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 395 (1999). Type:
Panama, Antonio 1345 (MO!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Panama, Colon), 200-500 m.

45. Pilea quercifolia Killip in Phytologia 1: 146 (1935). Type:
Guatemala, Skutch 559 (US!-holotype; GH!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala, 1 300-2400 m.

46. Pilea riparia Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 19: 11 (1894). Type:
Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 1040 (F-holotype; GH!, NY!, P!-
isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz), c.
1000 m.

47. Pilea rostulata A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 395 (1999). Type:
Panama, Antonio 1237 (BM!-holotype; MO!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Colon), 0-400 m.

48. Pilea rugosissima Killip in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 52: 28
(1939). Type: Panama, Davidson 335 (F!-holotype; GH!-
isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Chiriqui, Bocas del Toro), 1 800-2500 m.
A collection from Chiriqui, Knapp 1622 (MO), is unusual in its
small stature and epiphytic habit.

49. Pilea senarifolia Donn. Sm. in Bot. Gaz. 19: 12 (1894). Type:
Guatemala, Heyde & Lux 3145 (F-holotype; GH!, MO!, NY!-

isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala, c. 2400 m.

50. Pilea skutchii Killip in Fieldiana, Bot. 24: 421 (1952). Type:
Guatemala, Skutch 974 (US!-holotype; GH!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, 1400-2700 m;
South America.

5 1 . Pilea tilarana W.C. Burger in Phytologia 31: 270 (1975). Type:
Costa Rica, Standley & Valeria 44753 (US!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica (Alajuela), 600-1000 m.

52. Pilea trichomanophylla A.K. Monro in Bull. nat.Hist. Mus.
Lond. (Bot.) 30: 9 (2000). Type: Panama, Hammel et al. 14646
(MO!-holotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Chiriqui), c. 1300m.

53. Pilea tridentata Killip in J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 290 (1925).
Type: Guatemala, von Tuerckheim 2011 (US-holotype; C!, F!,
GH!, MO!, NY!-isotypes).

Pilea mimema Standl. & Steyerm. in Fieldiana, Bot. 24: 417 (1952).
Type: Guatemala, Hatch & Wilson 162 (F!-holotype).

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

17

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, (300)
1200- 1600m.

54. Pilea tripartita A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 393 (1999). Type:
Costa Rica, Burger & Liesner 6330 (MO!-holotype; CR!, NY!,
US!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica, Panama, 2500-3200 m.

55. Pilea tutensis A.K. Monro in Novon 9: 397 (1999). Type:
Panama, Antonio 1845 (MEXUI-holotype; MO!, NY!-isotypes).

DISTRIBUTION. Panama (Veraguas), 900- 1 600 m.

56. Pilea vulcanica Liebm. in Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr.,
Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 303 (1851). Type: Mexico,
Veracruz, Rico de Orizaba, Vaqueria del Pacal, 300 m, Septem-
ber 1841, Liebmann 14256 '2' (CMectotype, designated here).

Pilea standleyi Killip in /. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 294 (1925). Type:

Costa Rica, Standley 38697 (US!-holotype).
P. gracilipes Killip in /. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 298 (1925). Type:

Costa Rica, Maxon 5426 (US-holotype; F!-isotype).

DISTRIBUTION. Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, El Sal-
vador, Costa Rica and Panama, 1 300-3000(4500) m; South America.

The species epithet was incorrectly spelled as 'vulcanicC when first
published.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. I thank the curators at BRU, C, F, GH, ITIC, K,
LL, MEXU, MO, NY, P, PH, PMA, SCZ, TEX, and US for the loan of
herbarium material. I would also like to thank Emily Wood and David
Boufford for my reception at GH, Mireya Correa for my reception at PMA,
Carmen Galdames for my reception at SCZ, Nohemy Ventura for my recep-
tion at ITIC, Roberto Escobar for my reception at LAGU, Marie-Laure
Groult, PARSYST and the CORDIS Large Scale Facility fund for my visit to
Paris, Piero Cuccuini (FI) for providing photographic negatives of type
material, and Steve Cafferty and Charlie Jarvis of the Linnaean Plant Name
Typification Project for assistance with Linnaean names. I would also like to
thank William Burger and Sandy Knapp for their comments on the manu-
script.

REFERENCES

Adams, C.D. 1970. Notes on Jamaican flowering plants 1. Mitteilungen aus der

Botanischen Staatssammlung Munchen 8: 99-110.

1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica. Mona.
Anon. 1997. Index Kewensis on CD-ROM. Version 2.0. Oxford.
Breedlove, D.E. 1986. Listados floristicos de Mexico. IV. Flora de Chiapas. Mexico

City.
Burger, W. 1977. Pilea. In W. Burger (Ed.), Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana: botany 40:

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MATERIAL EXAMINED

Aguilar, R 26, irrorata (F); 323, hyalina (F); 500, dauciodora (F); 1103,
senarifolia (F); 1486, hyalina (F).

Aguilar, R. & Schmidt, H. 1 1 28, pteropodon (MO).

Allen, P.H. 84, herniarioides (F); 1737, acuminata (F, MO, NY); 4825,
purulensis (BM, US); 4914, purulemis (BM, P, US).

Alston, A.H.G. Sim, pubescens (BM); 8786, centradenoides (BM); 8791,
imparifolia (BM, P, US); 8792, acuminata (US); 8797, pallida (BM).

Amador M., J. et al. 1829, micmphylla (MEXU).

Anderson, A. s.n 'purchased 1853', involucrata (K).

Anderson, R.C. & Mori, S. 282, glabra (BM, F).

Anon. '877', lindeniana (NY); 11863 'August 1, 1925', involucrata (K);
s.n., cadierei (P).

Antonio, T. 850, micmphylla (F); 863, acuminata (F); 1028, vulcanica
(BM); 1237, rostulata (BM, MO); 1 344, parietaria (MEXU, MO); 1345,
quadrata (MO); \341,forgeti (MO); 1 348a, pteropodon (MO); 1348b,
pteropodon (MO); 1522, pubescens (NY); 1605, auriculata (BM, MO);
1 645, vulcanica (MO); 1 650, auriculata (BM, MO); 1 845, tutensis (MEXU,
MO, NY); 2010, adamsiana (MO); 2014, adamsiana (MO); 2043, corona
(MO, PMA); 2044, pteropodon (BM, MO); 2 1 24, fasciata (BM, MO);
2 1 80, magnicarpa (MO); 2550, magnicarpa (BM, MO); 2610, purulensis
(BM); 2638, conjugalis (MO); 2639, auriculata (BM); 2641, rugosissima
(BM, MO); 2671 , purulensis (BM, MO); 2767, magnicarpa (MO); 2799,
purulensis (MO); 2833, digitata (MO); 2976, tutensis (MO); 2984, corona
(MO); 2986, pteropo don (MO); 3035, magnicarpa (MO); 3 196, parietaria
(MO); 3441, pubescens (MO); 3486, tutensis (MO); 3508, purulensis
(BM, MO); 3537, corona (MO); 3994, pubescens (MO); 4043, corona
(MO); 4162, digitata (MO); 4163, digitata (BM, MO); 4768, daguensis
(BM, LL); 4769, daguensis (MEXU, MO); 4778, rostulata (MO); 4779,
rostulata (MO); 4890, cornmanae (MO); 4936, imparifolia (BM, MO);
4982, pubescens (MO); 5106, purulensis (MO).

Antonio, T. & Lent, R. 794, parietaria (F).

Apu, B. 130, auriculata (MO).

Araquistain, M. 45, pubescens (MO); 308, micmphylla (MO).

Atwood, C. 1279, micmphylla (NY); 4065, hyalina (MO).

Atwood, C. & Neill, D. 102, pubescens (MO).

Baker, R. & Burger, W.C. 15, micmphylla (F); 133, pteropodon (F, NY).

Barbey, M.A. 7179, hyalina (NY).

Barkley, F.A. & Hernandez M., R. 40192, micmphylla (GH); 40451,
micmphylla (GH).

Barkley, F.A. & Nickle 40792, glabra (GH).

Barkley, F.A. et al. 2522, pubescens (F); 2613 (F), micmphylla (F).

Barringer, K. 3 1 87, parietaria (F).

Barringer, K. & Christenson, E. 3379, conjugalis (F); 3449, conjugalis
(LL); 4142, conjugalis (LL).

Barringer, K. & Gomez-Laurito, J. 2514, pittieri (F).

Barringer, K. & Huft, M. 2778, auriculata (LL).

Barringer, K. & Perez G., M. 3762, imparifolia (F, LL); 3787, ecboliophylla
(LL); 3816, pteropodon (F, LL); 3839, ecboliophylla (LL).

Barringer, K. et al. 3555, pteropodon (F); 3948, pteropodon (LL); 4106,
ecboliophylla (LL).

18

A.K. MONRO

Bartlett, H.H. & Lasser, T. 16801, microphylla (MO).

Beaman, J. 4001, dauciodora (GH, TEX).

Bechyne & Bohumila 3928, dauciodora (ITIC).

Bello, E. 3028, parietaria (MO); 3077, vulcanica (MO).

Bemudez 42, microphylla (ITIC).

Bequaert, J. 24, irrorata (F, GH).

Berendsohn, W. & Berendsohn 1 145, dauciodora (BM, LAGU).

Blackmore, S. & Heath, G.L.A. 1945, glabra (BM).

Blum, K.E. & Tyson, E.L. 534 (MO), involucrata (MO).

Bonpland, A.J.A. 255, microphylla (P); 2143, microphylla (P).

Botteri, M. 19, mexicana (GH); 283, hyalina (P); 284, pubescent (BM, P);
2^,5, pubescens (P); 286, hyalina (BM, P); 539, acuminata (BM); 541, aff.
glabra (BM, P); 1508. acuminata (P); 15 13, pubescens (P); s.n., pubescens
(P).

Bourgeau, E. 1 705, microphylla (P); 2463, cf. pubescens (P); 325 1 , mexicana
(K, P): s.n., hyalina (P); s.n., pubescens (P); s.n., pubescens (P).

Boyle, B. & Boyle, A. 727, purulensis (BM).

Breckon, G. & Breckon 2237, pubescens (F, MEXU, MO).

Breedlove, D.E. 6182, microphylla (F); 6233, pubescens (F, LL); 6235,
irrorata (F); 6962, microphylla (F); 6991, irrorata (F); 7461, glabra (F);
7498. microphylla (F); 7828, dauciodora (F); 10737, parietaria (F);
10738, irrorata (F,LL)\ 11083, iVrorata (F, LL); 11084,g/afcra(F); 11129,
dauciodora (F, LL); 1 1 620, dauciodora (F, LL); 1 1 999, pubescens (F, LL,
US): 12000, pansamalana (F); 14371, dauciodora (MEXU); 14892,
pubescens (F, LL, MEXU); 15114, dauciodora (LL, MEXU); 15305,
dauciodora (LL, MEXU, NY); 1 5398, mexicana (F, NY); 20264, pubescens
(LL, MO); 20317, microphylla (MO); 25768, dauciodora (MEXU, MO);
26055, pubescens (MO); 26070, daguensis (MO, NY); 26084, jVrorata
(MO); 26259, dauciodora (LL, MO); 26364, microphylla (MO); 26755,
/rrorata (MEXU); 28146, pubescens (LL, MO); 28978, microphylla (MO);
29002, microphylla (MEXU); 29139, glabra (F, LL, MO, NY); 29180,
pubescens (MEXU, MO, NY); 29472, dauciodora (LL, MO); 34594,
mexicana (MEXU, MO); 34839, vulcanica (MEXU, MO); 34875,
chiapensis (MEXU, MO); 35301 , ecboliophylla (MEXU); 35384, killipiana
(MEXU); 36913, pubescens (MEXU); 37670, microphylla (MEXU);
38 1 86, pubescens (MEXU); 40074, microphylla (MEXU); 401 33, hyalina
(MO); 40459, dauciodora (MEXU, MO).

Breedlove, D.E. & Thome, R.H. 21209, pansamalana (MEXU, TEX).

Brenes,A.M. 14?, microphylla (NY); 19061, parietaria (NY); 1937, hyalina
(NY); 3498, auriculata (F); 3500, auriculata (NY); 3714, auriculata (F,
NY); 3764, angustifolia (F); 3786, ecboliophylla (F); 4001, angustifolia
(F, NY); 4010, ecboliophylla (F, NY); 4527, tilarana (F); 4831,
ecboliophylla (NY); 4851, ecboliophylla (F, GH, NY); 6062, acuminata
(F); 6107, pteropodon (F, NY); 6115, pteropodon (F, NY); 12662, glabra
(F); 13198, ecboliophylla (F); 13511, ecboliophylla (F, NY); 14459,
pubescens (BM, GH, NY, US); 1465 ln,parietaria (NY); 1 5663, pubescens
(F); 15664, imparifolia (F, NY); 15664a, imparifolia (NY); 15665,
ecboliophylla (F, NY); 15676, imparifolia (F, NY); 16142,p&?.yc<?;w (F,
NY); 19211, pubescens (F, NY); 20520, ri/arana (F); 22621, pubescens
(F); 22636, pubescens (NY); 23106, tyra/ina (NY).

Brett, J. 342, pubescens (TEX); 694, glabra (TEX).

Bristan, N. 474, digitata (GH); 1043(3), microphylla (MO); 1066(2),
pubescens (MO).

Britton 95, herniarioides (BM, K, MO, NY).

Brown, S. s.n. 'June 4, \9l4\forgeti (K).

Bunting, G.S. & Licht 1019, glabra (NY, US).

Burger, W.C. 3240, acuminata (F, NY); 3858, microphylla (F, MEXU);
4148, acuminata (F); 7977, auriculata (F); 8326, cornuto-cucullata (F).

Burger, W.C. & Antonio, T. 1 093 1 , microphylla (BM, F).

Burger, W.C. & Baker, R. 9493, auriculata (F); 9726, auriculata (F).

Burger, W.C. & Barringer, K. 1 1616, pubescens (F).

Burger, W.C. & Burger, M. 7568, conjugalis (BM, F); 7594, costaricensis
(MO); 7598, costaricensis (F); 7665, parietaria (F); 7668, parietaria (F);
7681, vulcanica (F); 7684, vulcanica (MO, NY); 7686, vulcanica (F,
MEXU); 7711, parietaria (F, MO, NY); 799 1 , parietaria (F, MO); 8 1 59,
parietaria (F); 8175, parietaria (F, MEXU); &l%3, parietaria (F).

Burger, W.C. & Gentry, J.L. 8360A, p/m'eri (F); 8501, costaricensis (F);

auriculata (F, NY); 8552, pteropodon (MEXU); %630,auriculata (F); 8674,
pubescens (F, MO, NY); 8697, p/mer; (F); 8698, angustifolia (MO, NY);

8838,/7///Wa (F, MO, NY); 8M2,pallida (F); 8888,/?a///W (BM, F); 8914,
/>a//iWa (MO, NY); 9029, conjugalis (F, MEXU, NY); 9069, costaricensis
(BM); 9070B, pittieri (F); 9070E, p/tf/eri (F); 9083, imparifolia (F); 9192,
conjugalis (F); 9194, costaricensis (F); 9239, pteropodon (F, MO, NY);
9293, ecboliophylla (F, MO); 9295, pteropodon (F).

Burger, W.C. & Gomez-Laurito, J. 8252, cornuto-cucullata (F); 8359,
cornuto-cucullata (F); 8381, vulcanica (F); 8387, angustifolia (F).

Burger, W.C. & Liesner, R. 6288A, p/m'eri (F); 6330, tripartita (CR, MO,
NY, US); 6395, auriculata (BM); 6434, auriculata (F, MO, NY); 6509,
tripartita (F, MEXU); 6709, microphylla (F); 6799, conjugalis (F, MO);
6805, auriculata (NY); 6966, microphylla (F, MO, NY); 7489, cornuto-
cucullata (F).

Burger, W. C. & Stolze, R., 4902 A, pteropodon (F); 4902B, pteropodon (F);
4989, ecboliophylla (F); 5010, ecboliophylla (MO); 5249, auriculata (F,
NY); 5448, pa//Wa (F); 5652, p/rr/en (MO, NY); 5657, /7/m'eri (F); 5662,
costaricensis (MEXU); 5715, conjugalis (F); 6077, dauciodora (F, MO).

Burger, W.C. & Visconti, G. 10210, purulensis (MEXU, MO); 10228,
pittieri (F).

Burger, W.C. et al. 9396, purulensis (F); 9415, acuminata (F, MEXU);
10240, vulcanica (NY); 10244, conjugalis (F, MO); 10263, p/m'eri (F);
10301, pteropodon (F); 10383, indet. (F, MO); 10491, ecboliophylla (F,
NY); 10754, pittieri (F, MEXU, MO, NY);, 10789, pittieri (F); 10803,
angustifolia (F); 10809, vulcanica (F); 11419, auriculata (F); 11908,
imparifolia (F); 14088, cf. centradenoides (F, MO, NY).

Cabrera, E. & de Cabrera, H. 10785, microphylla (TEX).

Caec & Seler, G. 25 1 6, pubescens (NY).

Calderon, S. 572, microphylla (GH, NY); 1412, microphylla (BM).

Calzada, J.I. 981, hyalina (F).

Campos V., A. 2615, pubescens (BM).

Carlson, M.C. 182, microphylla (F); 2130, pleuroneura (F); 3319,
microphylla (F).

Carvajal, A. 151, pittieri (MO).

Castro, D. 2234, microphylla (MO).

Cedillo T., R. & Torres C., R. 1903, tridentata (MEXU, MO).

Chacon, A. 247, pallida (BM); 545, vulcanica (BM).

Chavarria, U. 29, microphylla (ITIC); 197, microphylla (MO).

Chavarria, U. et al. 28, ecboliophylla (BM).

Chinchilla, F. & Sandoval 275, microphylla (B, F, LAGU).

Chorley, M. 208, hyalina (BM); 316, dauciodora (BM).

Chorley, M. & Atkinson, R. 82, hyalina (BM).

Chrysler 5520a, pubescens (F).

Churchill, H.W. & Churchill, A. 6047, purulensis (MO).

Churchill, H.W. et al. 4694, indet. (MO).

Churchill, S. 5746, purulensis (BM).

del Cid 1790, herniarioides (ITIC).

Clare, T. 1 18, cadierei (MO).

Clark, O.M. et al. 3967, pansamalana (TEX).

Clarke, O.F. 271, irrorata (LL, NY); 345, mexicana (NY).

Clewell, A. & Hazlett, D. 3935, hyalina (MO, US).

Contreras, E. 200, parietaria (LL); 243, microphylla (LL); 1 1 39, microphylla
(LL); 1195, microphylla (LL); 2173, pubescens (LL); 2939, senarifolia
(LL); 477 '8, pansamalana (LL); 5259, microphylla (LL); 5646, microphylla
(F); 6222, cf. pubescens (LL); 6590, g/afera (LL); 7091, pansamalana
(LL);1%50, pubescens (LL); 10895, purulensis (LL,MEXU, MO); 11227,
purulensis (LL, MO).

Cook, O.F. & Doyle 181, angustifolia (US).

Cook & Griggs 609, chiapensis (US).

Cooper, G. 73, frya/ma (NY).

Cooper, G.P. 546, acuminata (US); 577, acuminata (US).

Cooper, J.J. 5948, parietaria (GH); 5950, vulcanica (GH); 5952,
costaricensis (K, US); s.n., hyalina (F).

Correa A. & Dressier, R. 884, daguensis (F, MO); 8S6,forgeti (MO).

Correa A. et al. 2627, pubescens (F, NY); 2812, purulensis (MO).

Cosson 25, microphylla (P).

Cowan, C.P. & Magana A. 3142, ecboliophylla (MEXU, NY).

Cowan, C.P. et al. 3978 (TEX), pteridophylla (TEX).

Cowell, J.F. 258, microphylla (NY); 282, microphylla (NY).

Crawford 574, involucrata (NY).

Croat, T.B. 991, pubescens (MO); 10572, parietaria (GH, MO); 14298,
centradenoides (MO); 1 5790, purulensis (GH); 16185, microphylla (MO);

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

L9

22383, conjugalis (GH); 22920, centradenoides (GH); 23830, microphylla
(MO); 24316, microphylla (MO); 24519, microphylla (MO); 26267,
parietaria (MO); 27378, pteropodon (MO); 27556, purulensis (US);
27768, imparifolia (MO, US); 27776, pteropodon (MO); 34207, cowa
(MO); 34865, cornuto-cucullata (MO); 34892, pubescem (MO); 35271,
imparifolia (MO); 35279, pteropodon (MO, US); 35469, parietaria (MO);
35514, parietaria (MO); 35598, pteropodon (MO); 35723, aff. /a///o//a
(MO); 35846, p/tt/eri (MO); 36171, acuminata (MO); 36242, acuminata
(MO); 36811, /wi//fa (MO); 36941, rostulata (MO); 36983, daguensis
(MO); 40838, /rrorara (MO); 40878, pubescent (MO); 40964, dauciodora
(MO); 4 1 1 86, purulensis (MO); 4 1 323,pubescens (MO); 41 33 1 ,purulensis
(MEXU, MO); 41566, g/ara (MO); 42434, dauciodora (MO); 43019,
microphylla (MO); 43025, microphylla (MO); 46348, mexicana (MO);
47768, mexicana (MO); 485 1 3, purulensis (MO); 48544, purulensis (MO);
48785, purulensis (MO, NY); 49935, <//g/tara (BM, MO); 5008 1 purulensis
(MO); 60153, purulensis (BM); 67006, fasciata (MO); 67288, imparifolia
(BM); 67556, purulensis (MO); 6779 1 , pubescens (BM); 68130, p/m'eri
(BM); 68745, purulensis (MO); 68782, pteropodon (BM); 74816,
centradenoides (BM); 74900, auriculata (BM); 74916, purulensis (BM);
78594, chiapensis (BM).

Croat, T.B. & Grayum, M. 59944, purulensis (BM); 6004 1 , rf/g/tata (MO);
60315, rf/gitata (BM, MO); 60380, purulensis (BM); 68236, conjugalis
(BM).

Croat, T.B. & Hannon, D.P. 6437 1 , pubescens (BM).

Croat, T.B. & Zhu, G. 76516, purulensis (BM); 76815, pubescens (BM);
77220, magnicarpa (BM, MO).

D'Arcy, W.G. 5318, vulcanica (BM); 10005, tripartita (MO); 10472,
pubescens (MO); 10716, vulcanica (MO, US); 10807, auriculata (US);
\09\2, purulensis (MO); 10989, cornmanae (BM, NY); 1 1254, rostulata
(MO); 11258,/asc/ata(MO).

D'Arcy, W.G. & D'Arcy, J. 6839, microphylla (MO).

D'Arcy, W.G. & Hammel, B. 12448, cornuto-cucullata (BM, MO).

D'Arcy, W.G. et al. 12839, cf. gracilipes (BM); 12856, vulcanica (MO);
12860, vulcanica (MO); 12910, auriculata (BM); 1 3 170, auriculata (MO).

Dajaes 21732, acuminata (C).

Danin, A. 762510, microphylla (MO).

Darwin, S.P. 2291, microphylla (F).

Davidse, G. 35657, pubescens (BM); 35823, g/a6ra (BM); 36029, pubescens
(BM); 36391, g/afera (BM); 36392, pubescens (BM, MO); 36885,
pubescens (BM, MO); 36985, pubescens (BM, MO).

Davidse, G. & Brant, A. 32312, microphylla (BM).

Davidse, G. & Buchanan, H.B. 36893, aff. pubescens (BM).

Davidse, G. & D'Arcy, W.G. 10282, vulcanica (MO).

Davidse, G. & Herrera, G. 26254, angustifolia (BM); 29146, g/aira (MO);
29151, pteropodon (BM); 31134,/osa'afa (BM).

Davidse, G. & Pohl, J.E. 1 198, parietaria (F, GH, MO); 1528, cornmanae
(GH); 1623, cornuto-cucullata (MO, US); 1660, d/g/tara (MO); 1682,
p/tf/eri (GH, MO).

Davidse, G. et al. 23158, purulensis (BM); 29644, microphylla (BM);
37219, aff. vulcanica (BM).

Davidson, M.E. 56, purulensis (F, GH, US); 102, pansamalana (GH); 179,
vulcanica (F); 214, auriculata (F, GH); 267, costaricensis (F); 335,
rugosissima (F, GH); 549, parietaria (F, GH, MO, US); 717, costaricensis
(F, US); 860, pubescens (F, MO, US); 1027, vulcanica (F, GH, MO).

Dawe, M.T. 264, lindeniana (K).

Diaz Z. 128, /MJ///UZ (MO).

Dodge, C. & Goerger, V.F. 9065, vulcanica (MO).

Dodge, C. & Thomas, W.S. 4370, pa///Wa (GH, MO).

Donnell Smith, J. 1670, microphylla (NY); 2494, microphylla (GH, NY);
2516, pubescens (GH); 2751, /rrorata (US); 2892, parietaria (F); 2907,
pubescens (F); 6779, pteropodon (US); 6780, pteropodon (US); 7467,
purulensis (GH, US).

Dressier, R. 1529, pubescens (MEXU); 3457, centradenoides (F, MO);
3458, centradenoides (MO); 3459, centradenoides (F, MO); 4056, rostulata
(BM, MO); 42\7,forgeti (MO); 4469, gomeziana (F, NY).

Dressier, R. & Jones, Q. 47, pubescens (BM).

Droege, H. & Diaz 23001 , purulensis (MEXU); 23002, purulensis (BM).

Dryer, V. 35, auriculata (F); 36, p/m'eri (F); 83, auriculata (F); 84, angustifolia
(F); 92, pteropodon (F); 145, p/m'eri (F); 284, angustifolia (F); 1129,
auriculata (F); 1151, vulcanica (F).

Duke, J.A. 12164(1), imparifolia (MO); 13020, microphylla (MO); 14193,

aff. nummulariifolia (GH, MO); 15578(1), imparifolia (US); 15578(2),

imparifolia (MO); 1 5644(2), pteropodon (MO); 15654. aff. latifolia (GH,

MO); 15671(2), dig/rare (MO).

Duke, J.A. & Bristan, N. 98,forgeti (MO); 82Q2,forgeti (MO).
Duke, J.A. & Correa, M. 14668(2), imparifolia (MO).
Duke, J.A. & Elias, T. 13698, dig/fata (MO).

Dunlap, V.C. 387, microphylla (F); 399, /rya//na (F); 428, pubescens (F).
Dwyer, J.D. 8859, imparifolia (MO); 15269, dauciodora (MO); 15352,

irrorata (MO).
Dwyer, J.D. & Hayden, S.M.V. 7655, parietaria (MO); 7723, purulensis

(GH, MO).

Dwyer, J.D. & Lallathin, B. 8768, cf. plumulosa (MO).
Dwyer, J.D. & Liesner, R. 12099, microphylla (MO, US).
Dwyer, J.D. et al. 4495, centradenoides (MO).
Ebinger, J. 31, microphylla (F, MEXU, US); 966, acuminata (F).
Elias, T. 13765, daguensis (MO).
Endres,A. 172, pteropodon (BM); 174, a/igu^n/o/ia (BM); 199, pteropodon

(BM); 253, /rya/ma (BM).
Espinoza 216, glabra (BM).
Fasset 2829 1 , dauciodora (F, GH, ITIC).
Feiffer B. et al. 1 157, dauciodora (BM, LAGU).
Felix 108, dauciodora (P).
Fendler, A. 259, microphylla (MO); 1 246, dauciodora (K); 1 247, dauciodora

(K).

Fisher, G.L. 35288, pubescens (F, P).
Flores, J.S. 5, microphylla (F); 8075, microphylla (MEXU).
Folsom, J.P. 1212, magnicarpa (MO); 1266, magnicarpa (MO); 3057,

corona (MO); 3112, centradenoides (MO); 3226, pteropodon (MO); 3410,

daguensis (MO); 3498, quadrata (MO); 3498A, forgeti (BM); 3894,

daguensis (MO); 4204, digitata (MO); 4375, daguensis (MO); 4384,

pteropodon (MO).

Folsom, J.P. & Button, R. 3288, magnicarpa (MEXU, MO).
Folsom, J.P. & Robinson, R. 2377, imparifolia (MO).
Folsom, J.P. et al. 2226, parietaria (MO); 2239, rugosissima (BM, MO);

2253, purulensis (BM); 4649, purulensis (MO); 4685, cf. purulensis

(MO); 4807, pubescens (LL); 6739, imparifolia (MO, NY); 7097,

pteropodon (MO).
Forsther 10110(132), pleuroneura (BM, MSB); 10120(421), purulensis

(BM, MSB).

Foster, R.B. & Augspurger, C. 2835, imparifolia (F).
Galeotti, H. 313, acuminata (P); s.n., acuminata (P).
Garibaldi, C. et al. 2789, pubescens (MO).
Gamier, A. A345, hyalina (US); A1310, hyalina (GH).
Garwood N.C. et al. 426, acuminata (BM, F); 1 367, auriculata (BM); 1393,

vulcanica (BM).

Gaspari s.n. '26 August 1848', involucrata (K).
Gaumer, G.F. 455, microphylla (BM, F, MO, NY); 845, microphylla (MO);

1 l99,microphylla(F); \338,microphylla(BM,C,F,GH,MO); \775,micro-

phylla (C, GH, MO); 2240, microphylla (GH, MO); 2268, microphylla (BM,

C, F); 23 1 8, microphylla (F); 2473, microphylla (F); 2740, microphylla (F).
Gentle, P.H. 6318, microphylla (LL); 7147, microphylla (LL); 7266, glabra

(LL); 7337, pubescens (LL); 7388, glabra (LL); 9207 ', pubescens (LL).
Gentry, A. 2282, herniarioides (MO); 6732, involucrata (MO); 7592,

pubescens (US); 7928, pubescens (F, MO).
Gentry, A. & Clewell, A. 71 12, digitata (MO).
Gentry, A. & Mori, S. 13576, herniarioides (F, MO); 13630, imparifolia

(MO); 14045, imparifolia (MO); 14056, digitata (F, MO).
Gereau, R.E. 2101, quercifolia (MO).
Gereau, R.E. et al. 2194, microphylla (BM).
Gillis, W.T. & Plowman, T. 10104, pteropodon (GH).
Gilly, C.E. & Hernandez X., E. 283, ecboliophylla (GH, MEXU, TEX).
Godfrey, R. 66037, hyalina (MO); 66148a, conjugalis (MO); 66371, aff.

purulensis & aff. cornuto-cucullata (MO): 67255, acuminata (MO); 67263,

pteropodon (MO).

Gomez, L.D. 19268, auriculata (BM); 19272, conjugalis (BM).
Gomez, L.D. et al. 21710, vulcanica (BM); 21901, nummulariifolia (BM);

22407, vulcanica (BM).
Gomez Laurito, J. 8544, auriculata (F): 8837. pteropodon (F); 24121,

microphylla (BM).

20

A.K. MONRO

Gomez Laurito, J. et al. 20995, pinieri (BM); 23145, pteropodon (BM);
23430, aff. digitata (BM).

Gomez P., L.D. 2188, pallida (F, MEXU); 2195, pteropodon (F, MO, NY);
2529, mexicana (MEXU); 3304, gomeziana (F, MO, NY).

Gonzalez 56, pteropodon (MO).

Gonzalez L. 1435, hyalina (ITIC).

Goudot, J. s.n. 'Decembre', lindeniana (K); s.n. '1844', involucrata (P).

Grant, M. 1047, hyalina (GH).

Grayum, M. 3324, pteropodon (BM); 3335, angustifolia (MO); 3388, aff.
quercifolia (BM); 3405, imparifolia (BM); 5085, pinieri (BM); 5383,
imparifolia (BM); 6436, rugosissima (MO); 6460, vulcanica (BM); 7044,
purulensis (BM); 7097, auriculata (BM); 7106, conjugalis (BM); 7183,
vulcanica (BM); 7281, tripartita (CR); 7366, pteropodon (BM); 7917,
hyalina (BM); 9775, imparifolia (BM); 10298, cf. vulcanica (BM).

Grayum, M. & Hammel, B. 5534, pubescent (BM); 10521, cf. latifolia
(BM).

Grayum, M. & Murakami, N. 9943, pubescens (BM).

Grayum, M. & Schatz, G. 5272, pteropodon (BM).

Grayum, M. & Sleeper, P. 3273, glabra (BM); 3465, costaricensis (BM).

Grayum, M. et al. 4532, conjugalis (BM); 4553, purulensis (MO); 4898,
glabra (BM); 8281, acuminata (BM).

Grijalva, A. 2871, pubescens (BM, MO).

Grijalva, A. & Burgos, F. 1679, hyalina (MO); 1718, microphylla (MO).

Grijalva, A. & Grijalva, M.V. 1468, hyalina (MO); 1470, microphylla (BM,
MO).

Guzman, M. & Castro, D. 1495, microphylla (MO); 1556, microphylla
(BM, MO); 1973, microphylla (MO); 2040, hyalina (MO).

Guzman, M. et al. 773, hyalina (MO); 801, pubescens (BM, MO); 947,
pubescens (BM, MO); 1322, hyalina (BM, MO).

Haber, Wm. 1502, acuminata (MO).

Haber, Wm. & Bello, C., E. 1675, imparifolia (MO); 1982, imparifolia
(MO); 3 169, pinieri (MO).

Haber, Wm. & Cruz, E. 7007, imparifolia (BM); 8427, imparifolia (BM).

Haber, Wm. & Zuckowski, W. 10892, microphylla (MO).

Haber, Wm. et al. 4472, pinieri (MO); 5504, imparifolia (MO).

Haber, Wm. ex Bello C., E. 4910, acuminata (MO); 6456, purulensis (MO).

Hagen, C. von & Hagen, W. von 2010, cornmanae (NY, US).

Hahn, L. 65, aff. glabra (P); 208, microphylla (MO).

Hall, S.H. & Bockus, S.M. 7907, pubescens (MO).

Hamilton, C. & Krager, K. 3736, vulcanica (BM); 4010, adamsiana (MO).

Hamilton, C. & Stockwell, H. 3607, parietaria (BM).

Hammel, B. 950, magnicarpa (MO); 1031, magnicarpa (MO); 1439,
conjugalis (MO); 2024, auriculata (NY); 2078, fasciata (MO); 2191,
digitata (MO); 2424, magnicarpa (MO, NY); 2613, magnicarpa (MO);
2669,forgeti (MO); 2618,forgeti (MO); 2695, daguensis (MO); 2869,
vulcanica (MO); 2900, vulcanica (MO); 2988, vulcanica (MO); 3146,
fasciata (MO); 3216, rostulata (MO); 3337, pteropodon (MO); 3384,
fasciata (MO); 3481, magnicarpa (MO); 3578, digitata (MO); 4014,
magnicarpa (MO); 4077, imparifolia (BM); 4138, magnicarpa (MO);
4592, tutensis (MO); 4648, corona (MO, NY); 4702, adamsiana (MO);
5173, pteropodon (MO); 5 1 88, fasciata (MO); 5746, purulensis (BM,
MO); 5798, rugosissima (MO); 6118, cornmanae (BM); 6 1 4 1 , cornmanae
(MO); 7174, imparifolia (MO); 7282, centradenoides (MO); 15366,
pubescens (BM).

Hammel, B. & D'Arcy, W.G. 5024, cf. involucrata (MO).

Hammel, B. & Trainer, J. 14000, parietaria (MO); 14013, acuminata
(MO).

Hammel, B. et al. 6618, vulcanica (MO); 6670, vulcanica (MO); 14646,
trichomanophylla (MO); 15247, acuminata (MO); 15249, imparifolia
(MO); 15268, tilarana (MO); 15643, tridentata (MO); 15644, killipiana
(MO); 16378,/mpan/o/ia(MO); \6394,forgeti(BM)\ H546,pallida(BM).

Hampshire, R. & Whitefoord, C. 83, purulensis (BM); 184, purulensis
(BM); 189, digitata (BM, MO, PMA); 192, purulensis (BM); 290,
purulensis (BM); 318, corona (BM); 529, purulensis (BM); 694, digitata
(BM, PMA); 767, purulensis (BM).

Hampshire, R. et al. 698, vulcanica (BM).

Hanan A. 438, pteridophylla (MEXU); 444, chiapensis (MEXU); 492,
pubescens (MEXU); 680, ecboliophylla (MEXU).

Harmon, W.E. & Dwyer, J.D. 3115, microphylla (NY); 4006, pubescens
(MO).

Hatch, W.R. & Wilson, C.L. 162, tridentata (F); 202, pansamalana (F).

Hatheway, W.H. 1322, parietaria (F); 1375, vulcanica (BM, F).

Hawkes, J.G. et al. 2070, pubescens (F).

Hawkins, T. 1029, pubescens (BM, MO).

Hayes, S. 898, microphylla (NY).

Hazlett, D.L. 5011, vulcanica (F).

Hazlett, D.L. & Brant, A.E. 8099, ecboliophylla (BM).

Heath, M. 924, vulcanica (MEXU).

Hedger 78, microphylla (BM).

Helvetia 12463, hyalina (F).

Henshold, N. 1114, aff. centradenoides (BM); 1126, aff. centradenoides

(BM).

Hepper, D.N. 90, pubescens (BM); 98, pinieri (BM); 124, hyalina (BM).
Hernandez A. et al. 209, pubescens (F).
Hernandez G., H. 151, purulensis (MO); 225, microphylla (BM); 1542,

mexicana (BM).
Herrera, G. 1305, ecboliophylla (BM); 1739, ecboliophylla (BM); 1874,

pteropodon (BM); 1897, imparifolia (BM); 2955, microphylla (BM);

3078, pubescens (BM); 3163, microphylla (BM); 3440, vulcanica (BM);

3752, tripartita (BM, CR, MO); 385 1 , purulensis (BM); 5 122, microphylla

(MO); 5308, cornmanae (BM, MO); 5516, purulensis (F).
Herrera, G. & Chacon, A. 2635, pinieri (BM); 2658, aff. tridentata (BM);

2795, purulensis (BM).

Herrera, G. & Madrigal, E. 2608, pallida (BM).
Herrera, G. & Rivera, G. 862, pubescens (BM).
Herrera, G. & Robles, R. 812, glabra (BM).
Herrera, G. & Solis, M. 2478, pubescens (BM).
Herrera C. et al. 569, pteropodon (BM); 578, pinieri (BM); 580,

ecboliophylla (BM).
Heusden, van 4962, vulcanica (F).
Heyde, A. & Lux, E. 3142, hyalina (GH, MO, NY, P); 3145, senarifolia

(GH, MO, NY); 3 146, dauciodora (GH, MO, NY, P); 3 147, mexicana (K);

3148, vulcanica (GH); 6234, herniarioides (GH).
Hime, J. & Gordon, I. 174, fasciata (MO).
Holland, D.L. & Kid, B. 102, glabra (BM, MO).
Holm, R.W. & Iltis, H.I. 24, glabra (F, GH, NY, P); 34, auriculata (P); 521,

dauciodora (GH, P).
Holme 4356, ecboliophylla (NY).
Hoist, B.K. 5328, glabra (BM); 5329, pubescens (BM).
Holton, I.E. 256, involucrata (K).
Huft, M. 1940, pallida (BM, MO).

Huft, M. & Barringer, K. 2020, auriculata (MO); 2049, auriculata (F, MO).
Ibarra M. et al. 3844, daguensis (BM).
Jaramillo M. & van der Harmen 2766, lindeniana (K).
Jimenez M., A. 620, pinieri (F); 623, pinieri (F); 1010, glabra (F); 1954,

pinieri (F, NY); 1 996, auriculata (F); 3246, dauciodora (F); s.n., dauciodora

(F).

Jimenez M., A. & Cruz 155, vulcanica (F).
Jones, G.C. & Facey, L. 3453, microphylla (NY).
Kellerman, W.G. 4849, hyalina (MEXU).
Kennedy, H. 619, pteropodon (F); 3255, ecboliophylla (MO).
Kennedy, H. & Guindon, W. 3705, angustifolia (F).
Kennedy, H. et al. 3193, centradenoides (MO).
Khan, T. et al. 33, microphylla (BM); 311, cadierei (BM); 621, hyalina

(BM); 8 11, auriculata (BM).
Killip, E.P. 3543, cornmanae (US); 3546, purulensis (US); 3562, purulensis

(US).

Kirkbride, J. Jr 1121, centradenoides (MO).
Kirkbride, J. Jr & Duke, J.A. 414, pteropodon (MEXU, MO, NY); 759,

purulensis (NY); 768, costaricensis (NY); 821, fasciata (MO); 944,

plumulosa (MO, NY); 1204, imparifolia (MO, NY); 1241, daguensis

(MO, NY); 1336, digitata (MO, NY).
Knapp, S. 1091, purulensis (LL, MO); 1622, rugosissima (MO); 5330B,

imparifolia (MO).
Knapp, S. & Mallet, J. 3 1 87, pubescens (MO); 4672, centradenoides (BM,

MO); 4673, centradenoides (MO); 4100,forgeti (BM).
Knapp, S. & Sytsma, K. 2593, purulensis (BM, LL, MEXU, MO); 2600,

tutensis (MO).

Knapp, S. & Vodicka, M. 5639, digitata (MO).
Knapp, S. et al. 2023, purulensis (BM, LL); 2024, purulensis (BM); 2097,

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

21

auriculala (BM); 2105, rugosissima (MO); 2114, conjugalis (MO); 2128,

purulensis (BM, MO); 2141 ,purulensis ( BM, MO); 4038, purulensis (MO);

4Q45,fasciata (MO); 4046,fasciata (MO);4041,fasciata (BM, MO);41 38,

purulensis (BM); 4256, conjugalis (MO); 4541, centradenoides (MO).
Koptur, S. 124,/?/mm(MO).
Krukoff, B. 2181 1, hyalina (MO).
Krukoff, B. & Stevens 3384, pubescens (MO); 22132, pubescens (BM,

MO); 22463, pubescens (BM, MO); 23206, microphylla (BM. MO);

23313, microphylla (MO); 23379, pubescens (MO).
Kuntze, O. 2108, pubescens (NY); 2147, pubescens (NY).
La Frankie, J.V. 1052, acuminata (GH); 1 188, acuminata (GH).
Lagos 1909, dauciodora (YTIC).

Lankester, C.H. K22, pubescens (F); 256, parietaria (F).
Lathrop, E. 6769, pubescens (MEXU).
Lawton, R. 1 164, imparifolia (F); 1230, auriculala (F).
Le Clezio ll,forgeti (MO); 252, microphylla (MO); 261, /rya/wa (MO).
Lent, R. 434, imparifolia (F); 690, g/afcra (F, MO); 746, auriculata (F); 844,

acuminata (F, MEXU); &45,pittieri (F, MO, NY); 92 1 , costaricensis (F);

1457, auriculata (F); 1590, imparifolia (NY); 1606, parietaria (F, MO,

NY); 1818,c0/ga/w(F); 1852,aricM/a/a(F,NY); 1997,pMfcce/w(F);

2007, involucrata (MEXU, MO); 2017, p/frieri (F); 2018, pittieri (F);

2019, p/m'eri (F, NY); 2047, parietaria (F); 2077, parietaria (F); 2084,

auriculata (F, MEXU); 2085, auriculata (F); 2417, p/m'er/ (MEXU);

2505, imparifolia (F); 2590, tilarana (F); 2621, pteropodon (F); 2696,

vulcanica (F); 2797, parietaria (F); 2801, parietaria (F, US); 2807,

angustifolia (F); 2829, parietaria (F); 2847, auriculata (F, MO); 3210,

auriculata (MEXU); 324 1 , acuminata (F, MO, NY); 3256, imparifolia (F);

3515, ecboliophylla (MEXU, MO); 3516, pteropodon (F); 3517, aff.

pteropodon (F); 3571, auriculata (MEXU, MO); 3572, conjugalis (F);

3684, cf.pallida (F); 3817, purulensis (F); 3903, vulcanica (F, MO); 3967,

parietaria (F, MEXU).
Leon, J. 733, pubescens (F).
Lewis, W.H. 6888, microphylla (MEXU, MO).
Lewis, W.H. et al. 326, microphylla (US); 895, pubescens (MO); 1718,

centradenoides (GH, MO); 1727, imparifolia (MO).
Liebmann, P.M. 14238 '2', acuminata (C); 1424\ , falcata (C, F); 14242,

acuminata (C); 14243, frya//na (C); 14254, /rya/wa (C); 14256, vulcanica

(C); 14329, auriculata (C); 14339 '!', '2', parietaria (C); 21729, acwm/-

nata (C, NY); s.n., acuminata (P); s.n., pubescens (GH, P); s.n., pubescens

(P).
Liesner, R. 300, vulcanica (LL); 727, pteropodon (GH); 1195, quadrata

(GH, LL, MO, P, US); 1232,/org^/ (GH, MO); 1239, centradenoides

(GH, MO); 1767, acuminata (GH); 3123, pallida (MO); 3\60, pallida

(MO); 14093, ecboliophylla (BM); 14184, microphylla (BM); 14212,

hyalina (MO); 14247 , pubescens (BM); 1 5427, pa//fo (MEXU); 26210,

aff. pubescens (MO); 26221, cf. vulcanica (BM); 26538, quercifolia

(MO); 26598, pubescens (BM); 26741, g/aora (BM).
Liesner, R. & Judziewicz, E. 14487, vulcanica (BM); 14666, p/m'en (MO);

14713, p/tt/gri (MO); 14751, pteropodon (BM); 14796, p/m>ri (MO);

14805, aff.pallida (MO); 14801, pittieri (BM); 14907, angustifolia (BM).
Liesner, R. et al. 15147, ecboliophylla (BM, MEXU); 15276, g/afcra (BM);

15409, pteropodon (MO); 15468, pteropodon (BM); 15567, angustifolia

(MO); 15598,pterop0J0n(MO).
Linden, J.J. 7 1, pubescens (FI-W); 183, mexicana (K); 651, mexicana (P);

799, lindeniana (BM, K, P); 7222, mexicana (NY).
LINN -1220.8, microphylla (LINN); -11 1 1.25, parietaria (LINN).
Loiselle, B.A. 234, aff. purulensis (MO); 3 1 2, pteropodon (MO).
Long, R.W. 3261, microphylla (MO).

Lopez L., R. & Martin, G.J. 175. purulensis (MO); 208, pubescens (MO).
Lorence & Cedillo 672, purulensis (MEXU).
Lund, P.W. s.n., hyalina (C); s.n. ' \\pubescens (C).
Lundell, C.L. 330, pubescens (F); 845, microphylla (F, GH, MO, NY); 6520,

pubescens (F, LL, NY, US); 15339, microphylla (LL); 16263, daguensis

(LL).
Lundell, C.L. & Contreras, E. \9593, purulensis (LL); 20949, purulensis

(LL); 20974, aff. imparifolia (LL).
Luriuz C. 730, microphylla (F).
Luteyn, J.L. 703, ecboliophylla (MO).
Maas, P.J.M. 1091, angustifolia (F); 1 \55, parietaria (F); 1 172, acuminata

(F).

Maas, P.J.M. & Dressier, R. 1621, corona (F, MO); 1630, pteropodon (F,
MO); 4842, conjugalis (F); 4880, auriculata (F); 4881, vulcanica (F);
4995, rugosissima (F); 5030, tutensis (F).

Maas, P.J.M. & Hammel, B. 7807, purulensis (BM).

Maas, P.J.M. & McAlpin, B. 1482, vulcanica (MO).

Magana A., M.A. & Zamudio, S. 270, mexicana (MEXU); 327 ', pubescens
(MEXU); 334, chiapensis (MEXU).

Maj \%X1 , parietaria (GH, NY).

Manriquez, L, G. et ai. 3735, pubescens (BM).

Manzanares, R. 10, microphylla (ITIC).

Marineros, L.E. 40, microphylla (BM).

Mart 4933, pubescens (GH).

Martinez, H.A. 27, microphylla (BM).

Martinez C. 308, pubescens (BM); 876, irrorata (BM); 877, pubescens
(BM).

Martinez S., E.M. 20771, dauciodora (BM).

Martinez S., E.M. & Grijalba, A. 1880, pubescens (MEXU).

Martinez S., E.M. & Reyes, A. 22028, microphylla (MEXU).

Martinez S., E.M. & Sandino 1505, pubescens (MEXU).

Martinez S., E.M. et al. 8545, pubescens (BM); 13170, dauciodora (BM);
14100, dauciodora (MEXU).

Miirtiiis. K.F.P. von s.n. '1827', rhiiobola (K); s.n. 'Solimoes fluvium, Rio
Negro', imparifolia (M).

Matuda, E. 103, glabra (MEXU); 116, pubescens (MEXU); 1120, acumi-
nata(GH); 1316, microphylla (F); 1322, vulcanica (GH); 17 '45, pubescens
(GH, NY); 2334, dauciodora (LL, MEXU, MO); 2360, quercifolia
(MEXU); 2573, quercifolia (GH, MEXU, NY); 2899, auriculata (LL,
MEXU); 2903, dauciodora (MEXU); 3462, pubescens (F, LL, MEXU,
NY); 4043, hyalina (MEXU); 4198, glabra (F, MEXU, NY); 4341,
quercifolia (F, GH, LL, MEXU, MO, NY); 4607, dauciodora (F, LL,
MEXU, MO, NY); 4797, quercifolia (F, GH, LL, MEXU, MO); 16424,
microphylla (F, MEXU); 17178, hyalina (F, MEXU); 17761, glabra (F,
MEXU); 17878, glabra (F); 17895, pubescens (F, MEXU); 285 14, skutchii
(MEXU); 28515, dauciodora (MEXU); 28574, microphylla (MEXU).

Maxon, W.R. 309, vulcanica (NY); 5426, vulcanica (F).

Maxon, W.R. & Harvey, A.D. 8 1 32, auriculata (GH); 8 1 82, auriculata (US);
8206, auriculata (US); 8255, parietaria (GH); 8356, parietaria (US).

Maxon, W.R. & Hayes 8256, auriculata (C).

Maxwell, R.H. 219, daguensis (MO).

Maya J., S. 556,pubescens (BM); 906, microphylla (BM); 3382, microphylla
(BM).

McDaniel, S. 12890, microphylla (F).

McPherson, G. 6710, digitata (MO); S631,fasciata (MO); 10550, digitata
(MO); 12205, digitata (MO).

Meave del C., J. et al. 1530, aff. imparifolia (BM).

Melinon, M. 123, imparifolia (P).

Mendez, G., A. 7795, daguensis (BM); 8269, pubescens (BM).

Mendez, T., A. 6103, microphylla (BM); 6412, pubescens (BM); 6531,
microphylla (BM); 6552, pubescens (BM); 6553. pubescens (BM).

Mendez T., A. & Concepcion M., M. 9858, glabra (TEX).

Mendoza, R. et al. 264, digitata (US).

Mexia, Y. 767, microphylla (BM).

Meyer, E.G. & Rogers, D.J. 2765, microphylla (BM); 2845, glabra (BM).

Meyer, W. 135, microphylla (F).

Miller & Nee 1437, microphylla (BM); 1453, hyalina (BM, MO).

Miller & Sandino 1213, pubescens (BM, MO).

Millspaugh, C.F. 1473, microphylla (F).

Miranda, F. 1791, irrorata (MEXU); 6533, pubescens (MEXU); 6553,
mexicana (MEXU); 6606, ecboliophylla (MEXU); 7863, pubescens
(MEXU).

Molina A. 12, dauciodora (ITIC).

Molina R., A. 1497, hyalina (F); 3850, hyalina (F, GH, US); 5943, hyalina
(F, LL); 8663, parietaria (F); 8804, hyalina (NY); 10130, parietaria
(MO); 10862, hyalina (F); 10940, glabra (F, NY); 11048, parietaria (F,
LL, NY); 12716, dauciodora (F, NY); 12893, hyalina (F, NY); 12945,
pubescens (F, NY); 18456, microphylla (F, NY); 20670. microphylla (F,
NY, US); 221 19, dauciodora (BM, F); 22345, dauciodora (F, NY); 22909,
pubescens (F); 23 1 36, microphylla (F, NY); 25743, dauciodora (F, MEXU,
MO); 25744, dauciodora (F); 25774, quercifolia (NY); 2743 1 , hyalina (F,
US); 27479, cadierei (BM, F, NY, US); 43286, purulensis (F).

22

A.K. MONRO

Molina R., A. & Molina, A.R. 12151, pansamalana (F, LL. NY); 14057,

vulcanica (NY); 24772, hyalina (F); 25704. hyalina (F); 27 1 20, hyalina (F).
Molina R., A. et al. 17767, auriculata (F, NY); 18249, hyalina (F).
Monro, A.K. 756, micmphylla (EM); 759, hyalina (BM).
Montalvo, E.A. 4125, hyalina (ITIC); 5039, herniarioides (ITIC); 6219,

herniarioides (B. BM. LAGU, MO).

Montalvo, E.A. & Chavez 6277, acuminata (B, LAGU, MO).
Montalvo, E.A. & Menjivar 3669, hyalina (ITIC); 3856, hyalina (ITIC).
Montalvo, E.A. & Montalvo 4813, dauciodora (ITIC).
Montalvo, E.A. & Quintanilla 3434, hyalina (ITIC).
Moore 14252, herniarioides (C).

Moore H.E. Jr \424\,falcata (C, F); 204 1 , parietaria (C).
Morales, J.F. & Ramirez, V.H. 2492, pteropodon (BM).
Moreno, P.P. 2610, hyalina (MO); 2837, hyalina (MO); 3389, hyalina (BM,

MO); 4 1 95, hyalina (BM, MO); 4970, pubescent (MO); 9525, cf. pubescens

(MO); 10214, glabra (BM, MO); 10318, hyalina (BM, MO); 10498,

micmphylla (MO); 10756, hyalina (MO); 11000, micmphylla (MO);

11191, micmphylla (BM, MO); 11289, micmphylla (MO); 13135,

pubescens (MO); 13786, /rya//na (MO); 17045,pwte.scCTu (MO); 17154,

/jya///ia (MO); 19643, pubescens (MO); 1 9839, pubescens (MO); 21744,

g/afera (BM, MO); 23831, micmphylla (MO); 24921, pubescens (BM);

25 107. pubescens (MO).

Moreno, P.P., & Robleto, W. 20497, glabra (MO).
Moreno, P.P. & Sandino, J.C. 1 2963, ecboliophylla (BM); 1 2986, pubescens

(MO).

Moreno, P.P. et al. 24684, micmphylla (MO).
Mori, S. 6666, pteropodon (MO).
Mori, S. & Crosby, M. 6338, daguensis (MO).
Mori, S. & Kallunki, J. 252 1 , corona (NY); 3234, pteropodon (MO); 5478,

digitata (MO); 5736, vulcanica (US); 6041, centradenoides (MO, US).
Mori, S. & Witherspoon, J. 7952a, rostulata (MO).
Mori, S. et al. 3911, corona (NY); 6449, rostulata (BM, MO); 7527,

pteropodon (MO).

Morton, C.V. 7348, micmphylla (US).
Muenscher, W.C. 12456, micmphylla (F, GH).
Nee, M. 10452, quadrata (US); 10477, forgeti (MO); 27626, pubescens

(MO).
Nee, M. & Hansen, B.F. 185454, aff. acuminata (F); 1 8549, pubescens (F);

18725, acuminata (F, GH).
Nee, M. & Taylor, K. 26869, aff.fasciata (BM).
Neill, D. 2800, micmphylla (MO); 3730, hyalina (BM, MO); 3758, glabra

(BM); 4297, glabra (BM, MO).
Nelson, C. 2162, hyalina (MO).
Nelson, C. & Romero, E. 4712, pubescens (MO).
Nelson, C. & Vargas, E. 2283, hyalina (MO).
Nelson, C. et al. 3534, parietaria (MO).

de Nevers, G. 4053, purulensis (MO); 5243, centradenoides (BM).
de Nevers, G. et al. 55 1 5, aff. purulensis (MO).

Nevling, L.I. & Gomez-Pompa, A. 1 1 6, irmrata (F); 2468, irrorata (F, GH).
Nichols, C.E. 1498, micmphylla (BM, GH).
O'Kane & Salinas 3501, micmphylla (BM).
Oersted, A.S. 1560, acuminata (K); 1860, acuminata (K); 14240,

herniarioides (C); 14251, micmphylla (C); 21730, auriculata (GH, NY);

s.n., auriculata (C); s.n. 'Aguacate', micmphylla (C).
Opler, P. 805, pteropodon (F, MO).
Orcutt, C. 3352, micmphylla (BM, F).
Orozco, A. 197, parietaria (F); 249, hyalina (F); 253, micmphylla (F); 275,

parietaria (F); 281, herniarioides (F).
Ortega, R. 360, micmphylla (BM).
Ortiz, R.T. 1632, killipiana (BM, F).
Palmer, E. 362, micmphylla (BM).
Pavon, J.A. s.n., dauciodora (FI-W).
Peck, M.E. 555, micmphylla (GH); 559, pubescens (GH).
Pipoly, J.J. 3713, hyalina (MO); 4834, hyalina (MO).
Pittier, H. 328, pubescens (BM, NY); 329, pansamalana (GH); 3086,

herniarioides (F); 3230, conjugalis (NY); 1 2693, micmphylla (US); 14046,

parietaria (GH); 14149- sheet 1 080422, pinieri (US); 14149-sheet577992,

pittieri (US); \6Q32, fasciata (BM, GH).
Pittier, H. & Tonduz, A. 2384, parietaria (P).
Pocasangre 1 1 , micmphylla (ITIC).

Poeppig, E.F. s.n. 'Dec. 1829', hyalina (C).

Polakowsky, H. 150, vulcanica (BM).

Porter, D.M. et al. 44 1 9, centradenoides (MO); 4446, centradenoides (GH,

MO); 4462, centradenoides (GH, MO); 4463, centradenoides (MO);

4630, centradenoides (MO); 4646, centradenoides (MO).
Pringle, C.G. 3550, glabra (GH, K); 8152, acuminata (GH, P).
Proctor, G.R. 25056, quercifolia (LL); 25072, senarifolia (LL); 25228,

quercifolia (LL); 25244, pubescens (LL); 25255, pubescens (LL); 25256,

parietaria (LL); 25361 , parietaria (LL); 25425, senarifolia (LL); 25452,

glabra (LL); 25488, dauciodora (LL); 25516, micmphylla (LL); 31810,

micmphylla (LL); 31848, pubescens (LL); 32144, ecboliophylla (LL);

32395, auriculata (LL); 32431, conjugalis (LL); 32439, pittieri (LL);

32440, purulensis (LL); 32441, costaricensis (LL).
Purpus, C.A. 7470, irrorata (MO, NY, US); 7479, irrorata (GH); 7532, aff.

centradenoides (GH).
Quiros, C.M. 464, nummulariifolia (F).
Ramamoorthy, T.P. 4359, micmphylla (BM).
Raven, P.M. 2086 1 , pallida (MO); 2 1 544, pallida (F, MO); 2 1 545,pallida (F,

MO); 22004, hyalina (F).

Raven, P.H. & Breedlove, D.E. 19813, micmphylla (F).
Renderos, M. 209, involucrata (B, LAGU, MO); 238, acuminata (B,

LAGU, MO).

Robertson, J. 14(2), micmphylla (BM).
Reyes, J.R. 363, pubescens (MO).
Reyes G., A. 1634, mexicana (BM).
Reyes G., A. et al. 1620, micmphylla (BM).
Rios, D.E. 275, hyalina (MO).

Rivera, G. 1, vulcanica (BM); 239, vulcanica (BM); 322, auriculata (BM).
Robles, R. 21 14, ecboliophylla (BM).
Robleto, W. 558, micmphylla (MO); 994, pubescens (BM, MO); 1366,

hyalina (BM, MO); 1934A, pubescens (MO).
Rodriguez, J.V. 2816, nummulariifolia (F); 2907, glabra (F).
Roe, K.E. et al. 729, pubescens (F); 1065, micmphylla (F).
Rojas 136, hyalina (MO, NY); 207, ecboliophylla (BM).
Rosas R.M. 349, cf. glabra (A, BM); 508, micmphylla (BM); 628,

micmphylla (BM); 21200, acuminata (F).
Rossbach, G. 3384, micmphylla (GH); 3385, micmphylla (GH); 3576,

pubescens (GH); 3756, pubescens (GH); 3808, micmphylla (GH); 3819,

imparifolia (GH); 3878, imparifolia (GH).
Rovirosa, J.N. 326, micmphylla (NY); 938, chiapensis (PH).
Rowlee, W.W. & Rowlee 376, pa/tato (US).
Salas 1423, nummulariifolia (F).
Sanchez et al. 437, quercifolia (BM).

Sandino, J.C. 2729, micmphylla (BM, MO); 3470, pubescens (MO).
Sandoval, E. & Chinchilla 671, micmphylla (MO); 673, herniarioides (B,

LAGU, MO).

Sandoval, E. & Sandoval 848, micmphylla (B, LAGU, MO).
Santiz C. 15, micmphylla (TEX); 366, micmphylla (TEX); 615, glabra

(TEX); 616, micmphylla (TEX); 758, micmphylla (TEX).
Santiz R. 229, dauciodora (TEX).
Schaffner, J.G. 294, micmphylla (C).
Schipp, W.A. 518, pubescens (BM, F, NY); 977, micmphylla (BM, F, GH,

NY); 1092, micmphylla (BM, F, MO, NY); 8-702, chiapensis (F).
Schlim, L.J. 701, latifolia (P).
Schnell, R.A.A. 83, pittieri (F).
Schubert, B. & Rogerson 829, glabra (GH).
Schwabe, W. & Railing, W. s.n., micmphylla (MEXU).
Seemann, B.C. 561, centradenoides (BM); 1099, centradenoides (BM, F,

MO).

Seibert, R.J. 293, vulcanica (GH).
Seller, R. 766, vulcanica (F); 768, dauciodora (F).
Serre s.n., hyalina (P).
Sesse, M. et al. 4525, killipiana (F); 4526, killipiana (F); 4540, pubescens

(F); 454 1 , pubescens (F); 4542, nummulariifolia (F); 4543, parietaria (F);

4546, parietaria (F); 455 1 , parietaria (F).
Seymour, F.C. s.n., micmphylla (BM); 1332, micmphylla (BM, F, MO);

1499, micmphylla (MO); 2124, hyalina (MO); 3479, hyalina (MO); 5215,

micmphylla (MO); 5299, micmphylla (MO).
Shank, P.J. & Molina A., R. 4244, ecboliophylla (US); 4998, ecboliophylla

(US).

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN P1LEA

23

Shattuck, O.E. 196, microphylla (F, MO); 1078, microphylla (F).

Short, M. & Stafford, P. 39, pansamalana (BM); 145, glabra (BM).

Skutch, A.F. 559, quercifolia (GH, US); 944, skutchii (GH, US); 974,
xkutchii (GH, US); 1354, irmrata (GH, US); 1771, glabra (GH); 1793,
microphylla (GH, US); 23 1 \,pubescens (GH, MO, NY); 3 143, parietaria
(GH, MO, NY, US); 3 1 86, cornmanae (GH, MO, NY, US); 3592, pittieri
(GH, MO, NY, US); 3646, parietaria (GH, MO, NY, US); 3847, hyalina
(GH, MO, NY, US).

Sloane, H. Vol. 2: 1 20, parietaria (BM-SL).

Smith, A. A443, pittieri (F, US); F1868, imparifolia (F, US); F1872,
pteropodon (F); H 1 7, pubescens (F); H74, auriculata (F); H75, vulcanica
(F); H335, auriculata (F); H340, angustifolia (F); H400,pittieri (F); H425,
p/mVri (F); H492, pteropodon (F); H55 1 , pittieri (F); H565, parietaria (F);
H990, ecboliophylla (F, MO); NY558, parietaria (NY); NY1 11, pittieri
(F, NY); NY718, pir/;V?ri (NY); NY776, angustifolia (NY); NY990,
ecboliophylla (F, GH, NY); NY 1062, parietaria (F, NY); NY 1540,
parietaria (NY); P2275, parietaria (GH, US); P2611, ecboliophylla (F);
P2669, pteropodon (F); PC 150, angustifolia (US); PC328, p/tt/eri (F).

Smith & Smith 865, involucrata (K).

Sousa, M. 2651, irrorata (F).

Spellman, D.L. 1359, microphylla (MO).

Spellman, D.L. & Newey, W.W. 1689, microphylla (MO).

Spruce, R. s.n., dauciodora (K); 745, dauciodora (K); 4434, imparifolia
(BM); 6047, dauciodora (K).

Standley, P.C. 306, /rya//na (F); 8640, microphylla (F); 8710, /rya/wa (F);
9800, microphylla (F); 9911 , pubescens (F); 10708,pwfees>;w (F); 10764,
pubescens (F); 11261, /zya/ma (F); 11323, microphylla (F); 16186,
microphylla (F); 16535, hyalina (F); 16652, microphylla (F); 16661,
nummulariifolia (F); 17756a, microphylla (F); 18393, pubescens (F);
19504, Aya/ina (NY); 19627, Aya/ina (GH); 22206, Aya/i/ia (GH, NY);
22409, microphylla (MO); 22682, /rya/toa (GH); 23998, microphylla (F);
28555, nummulariifolia (F); 29153, frya//na (F); 32483, parietaria (US);
32879, frya/wa (US); 33943, p/ff/eri (US); 34355, cf. costaricensis (US);
37241, pteropodon (US); 37323, pteropodon (US); 37337, pteropodon
(US); 37769, acuminata (US); 3779 1 , acuminata (F); 37797, costaricensis
(US); 37809, p/m'eri (US); 37899, purulensis (US); 38393, auriculata
(US); 38541, vulcanica (US); 38697, vulcanica (US); 38819,g/afcra (US);
38822, parietaria (US); 39204, pittieri (US); 39234, vulcanica (BM, US);
39454, vulcanica (US); 41 191, nummulariifolia (F); 42 1 80, vulcanica (C);
42546, /rya/i/ia (US); 42633, vulcanica (US); 42710, vulcanica (US);
42816, vulcanica (NY); 43084, vulcanica (C); 43102, vulcanica (GH);
53101, microphylla (F, US); 53406, microphylla (F); 53925, /ryc/toa (F);
57774, dauciodora (US); 58014, /rya/ina (F); 58788, dauciodora (F, US);
60199, /rrorata (F); 61929, dauciodora (F); 62231, /rrorata (F); 66554,
microphylla (F); 66890, irrorata (F, US); 6703 1 , pubescens (F); 68147,
sJtwrc/H/ (F, US); 68491, auriculata (F); 68548, store/in (F); 68693,
irrorata (F); 68723, irrorata (F); 68830, microphylla (F); 69120,
microphylla (F); 69206, pubescens (F); 69866, microphylla (F); 70001,
pubescens (F); 70353, g/abra (F); 70424, g/abra (F); 70852, pubescens
(F); 71019, purulensis (F); 7 \092, pansamalana (F); 7 1245, pansamalana
(F); 7 1 250, pansamalana (F); 7 1 253, pubescens (F); 7 1 287, pansamalana
(F); 7 1 374, pansamalana (F); 7 1 665, pansamalana (F); 762 1 5, microphylla
(F); 76216, microphylla (F); 76641, microphylla (F); 76725, /rya/ma (F);
76827, microphylla (F); 76915, microphylla (F); 77177, frya/ma (F);
77877, /rya/fmz (F); 77973, microphylla (F); 78332, nummulariifolia (F);
84606, /rrarata (F); 84857, ^wfc/z// (F); 84920, dauciodora (F); 84931,
(F); 85405, dauciodora (F); 85470, dauciodora (F); 85569,
(F, US); 86491, auriculata (F); 87172, /Vrorata (F, US); 87187,
pubescens (F); 88246, fcva/ma (F); 88533, microphylla (F); 887 1 3, ftya/ma
(F); 89277, /rrorata (F); 89785, pansamalana (F); 89797, pansamalana
(F); 90487, pansamalana (F); 90669, pubescens (F, LL); 90727,
pansamalana (F, US); 9077 1 , pansamalana (F); 91394, pansamalana (F,
US); 9 1 506, pansamalana (F); 9 1 7 1 8, nparia (F); 9 1 768, microphylla (F);
92 1 9 1 , pansamalana (F).

Standley, P.C. & Chacon, P. 566 1 , microphylla (F); 7 1 68, A va//a (F); 7203,
nummulariifolia (F).

Standley, P.C. & Padilla B. 2766, fcva/ma (F); 3530, microphylla (F).

Standley, P.C. & Torres R., R. 47591, vulcanica (GH); 51366, vulcanica
(US).

Standley, P.C. & Valeric J. 43765, cf. auriculata (GH); 44753, ///

(US); 45106, pubescens (GH); 45398, imparifolia (US); 45409,
ecboliophylla (US); 49014, cf. costaricensis (US); 49676, p/m'e/v (GH);
49715, vulcanica (BM); 49815, p/meri (US); 49943, vulcanica (US);
50296, pteropodon (US); 5 1 941, pittieri (US); 52023, pittieri (US); 52 1 92,
vulcanica (US).

Steggerda, M. 8, microphylla (F); 1936, microphylla (F).

Stern, W.L. et al. 541, pubescens (US); 2006, parietaria (US).

Stevens, W.D. 1 3580, p/mVr/ (BM, MO); 13918, cornmanae (MO); 13929,
conjugally (BM, F, MO); 1 400 1 , auriculata (MO); 1 8 1 67, vulcanica (BM,
MO); 18209,tfMricH/ata(BM); 18340,pwr/ms-/i(MO); 18417,pwescmy
(BM, MO); 21811, /rya//na (BM); 229&\, hyalina (BM).

Stevens, W.D. & Krukoff, B. 2972, microphylla (MO); 3247, fryer/ma (MO);
3514, /rya/ina (BM, MO); 4003, frya//na (BM, MO); 4085, /rya//na (MO);
4230, microphylla (BM, MO); 4352, /rya//na (BM, MO); 4426, microphylla
(BM); 7288, microphylla (MO); 7401, microphylla (BM, MO); 8714,
frya//na (MO); 873 1 , microphylla (BM, MO); 9 1 &6, pubescens (BM, MO);
9274, pubescens (BM, MO); 9605, pubescens (BM, MO); 10095,
microphylla (MO); 10757, /rya/ina (MO); 10937, microphylla (MO);
1 1 355,pubescens (BM, MO); 1 1667, parietaria (MO); 1 1 822, microphylla
(MO); 11849, %a//na (BM, MO); 15595, /zya/ma (BM); 16830,
microphylla (MO); 17653, frya/ma (BM, MO).

Stevens, W.D. & Martinez S., E. 25725, microphylla (MO).

Stevens, W.D. et al. 14435, microphylla (MO); 14517, hyalina (BM, MO);
14883, microphylla (EM, MO); 15309,g/afcra(BM,MO); 15726, hyalina
(BM, MO); 15777, microphylla (BM, MO); 15984, microphylla (BM,
MO); 16086a, /rya/tna (MO); 1 672 1 , hyalina (MO); 18088, glabra (BM,
MO); 18567, pubescens (BM, MO); 20214, microphylla (BM, MO);
20321, g/afcra (BM); 20337, pubescens (BM); 20385, pubescens (BM,
MO); 20896, pubescens (BM, MO); 21163a, pubescens (MO); 21362,
g/abra (BM, TEX); 21364, /rya//na (MO); 25064, fasciata (BM); 25491,
irrorata (BM).

Stewart 9, microphylla (GH).

Steyermark, J.A. 29410, microphylla (F); 30017, vulcanica (F); 30019,
auriculata (F); 31706, pubescens (F); 32647, dauciodora (F); 33470,
sitHrcM (F); 33897, /rwrato (F, US); 34276, dauciodora (F); 35371,
microphylla (F, US); 35727, dauciodora (F, US); 36349, auriculata (F);
36406, ^wfcTzn (F); 37227, /rrorata (F, US); 37327, auriculata (F); 37482,
mexicana (F); 37496, irrorata (F); 3752 1 , quercifolia (F); 37693, auriculata
(F); 395 1 7, chiapensis (F, US); 39854, /rrorata (NY); 39926, microphylla
(F); 41826, aff. g/afcra (F); 41994, ecboliophylla (F, US); 42450,
microphylla (F); 43646, purulensis (F); 43650, auriculata (F); 43782,
mexicana (F); 43923, pubescens (F); 44093, pubescens (F); 44106, glabra
();44\99, pansamalana (F, NY); 44555,pM&?*/w (F); 44700, killipiana
(F, NY, US); 44720, cf. costaricensis (F); 4475 1 , pleuroneura (F, NY, US);
44756, /rrorara (F); 44757, killipiana (F); 44760, microphylla (F); 45408,
pubescens (F, NY, US); 45814, microphylla (F); 45823, pubescens (F, LL,
US); 468 1 S, pubescens (F, US); 47385, ,sJtHfc/7 (F); 48493, dauciodora (F,
US); 48540, g/aftra (F); 48604, pansamalana (F, US); 48623, pansamalana
(F, US); 4^42, pansamalana (F); 49098, dauciodora (F); 49 1 65. pubescens
(F, NY); 49318, /rrarata (F, NY); 49521, g/a&ra (F); 49638, g/afcra (F);
49642, aff. auriculata (F); 49783, dauciodora (F, US); 49873, mexicana
(F): 50033, quercifolia (F); 50446, microphylla (F); 50653, dauciodora (F,
NY); 51128, pansamalana (F, NY).

Steyermark, J.A. & Allen, P.H. 17252, pteropodon (MO).

Stork, H.E. 1642, auriculata (F); 1806, vulcanica (F).

Sullivan, G.A. 350, purulensis (MO); 486, imparifolia (MO, NY).

Swartz, O. s.n., herniarioides (BM, S); s.n., nummulariifolia (BM).

Sytsina. K. 3746, centradenoides (BM); 4072, centradenoides (BM); 4080,
aff. digitata (MO).

Sytsma, K. & Anderson, L. 4445,forgeti (BM); 4495. magnicarpa (MO):
4720, purulensis (MO).

Sytsma, K. & Antonio, T. 3059, /Mtenm (LL, MO).

Sytsma, K. & Stevens, W.D. 2176, vulcanica (LL, MO).

Sytsma, K. et al. 4211, daguensis (BM); 4386, daguensis (MO); 4993,
vulcanica (BM, MO).

Taylor, J. 17686, auriculata (NY).

Taylor, R.J. 4601, vulcanica (NY).

Tellez, O.V. 12481, microphylla (BM).

Tellez, O.V. et al. 7832, hyalina (MO).

Tenorio L., P. 5607. mexicana (MEXU); 14645, pubescens (BM).

A.K. MONRO

Terry, M.E. 1 34 1 , auriculata (F, GH).

Terry, M.E. & Terry, R.A. \440,forgeti (F, GH); 1512, daguensis (F, GH,

MO); 1516, centradenoides (F, GH); 1520, centradenoides (F, GH. MO);

1556, pteropodon (F, GH, MO); 1563a, digitata (F, GH, MO); 1617,

imparifolia (F, GH).
Thieme, C. 5493, hyalina (GH).
Thorne, R.F. & Lathrop, E. 40369, pansamalana (LL); 40371, mexicana

(LL); 40389A, irrorata (LL).
Ton, A.S. 1203, cf. dauciodora (LL); 2503, pubescens (LL); 2803, mexicana

(F); 2878, irrorata (F, LL); 2938, herniarioides (NY); 4176, glabra

(MEXU); 773 1 , pansamalana (BM); 8173, pansamalana (BM).
Ton, A.S. et al. 9238, glabra (TEX).
Tonduz, A. 1402, hyalina (BM, P); 1942, auriculata (US); 2086, auriculata

(BM); 7179, hyalina (F, GH); 7467, costaricensis (GH); 8854, pubescens

(BM, GH, P); 9252, pteropodon (US); 11805, vulcanica (NY); 11925,

vulcanica (NY).

Toriz, A., G. & Campos V. 924, pubescens (BM).
Torres, C., R. & Cedillo, T.R. 705, dauciodora (BM).
Torres, C., R. & Hernandez, H. 6487, microphylla (BM).
Torres, C., R. & Martinez 7498, dauciodora (BM).
Torres, C., R.C. et al. 3998, dauciodora (BM).
Transito 5, microphylla (ITIC).
Triana, J. 887, centradenoides (BM, NY, P); 888, centradenoides (BM, P);

889, daguensis (BM, P): s.n.,fasciata (BM, P); s.n., lindeniana (K); s.n.,

pteropodon (BM, P).

Triana, J. & Linden, J J. 236. lindeniana (K).
Trochez, L. 36, glabra (MEXU, MO).

Tucker, J.M. 714, hyalina (F); 715, hyalina (GH, LL, NY, US).
Tuerckheim, H. von s.n., pleuroneura (NY); 753, pubescens (NY, P); 754,

pleuroneura (GH, NY, P); 939, pansamalana (GH, NY, P); 914,pubescens

(P); 1040, ri/wjria (GH, NY, P); 1264, pubescens (BM, F, GH, MO, NY, P);

1270, parietaria (F, P); 1296, pansamalana (F, GH, MO, NY); 1312,

microphylla (F, NY); 1707 , purulensis (BM, C, F, GH, NY); 1708, riparia

(GH, NY); 1835, glabra (NY); 1980, dauciodora (BM, F, GH, MO, US);

201 1 , tridentata (C, F, GH, MO, NY); 7983, ecboliophylla (GH, MO, NY,

US); 8568, hyalina (F, GH, NY); 8754, pubescens (GH).
Tyson, E.L. 5209, microphylla (MEXU).
Tyson, E.L. & Blum, K.E. 3948,/orgeti (MO).
Tyson, E.L. & Loftin, H. 6304, microphylla (MEXU).
Utley, J. & Utley, K. 1 \0\,pallida (F); 1335, parietaria (F); 2378, angustifolia

(NY); 2905, costaricensis (F); 3403, purulensis (LL); 3599, auriculata

(F); 4833, cf. costaricensis (F); 5015, purulensis (F, MO); 5103; pittieri

(F).
Valerio R. 212, microphylla (F); 277, hyalina (F); 444, imparifolia (F); 716,

glabra (F); 1165, auriculata (F); 1244, pteropodon (F); 1291,

nummulariifolia (F); 1373, pteropodon (F); 1406, pittieri (F); 1406a,

parietaria (F); 1556, pteropodon (F); 1661, costaricensis (F); 3072,

microphylla (F); 3608, microphylla (F).
Vazquez T. 463, pubescens (F).
Ventura A., F. 1275, microphylla (F); 2372, microphylla (F); 20593,

pubescens (MEXU).
Villacorta, R. 94, microphylla (LAGU); 96, involucrata (LAGU); 97,

m/cT0/7/Jv//a(LAGU); 1 \5,acuminata(LAG\J); 1 026, dauciodora (LAGU,

MO).

Villacorta, R. & Lemus 442, hyalina (BM, MO).
Vincelli, P. 372, glabra (BM, MO); 389, pubescens (BM, MO).
Weberling 1310, herniarioides (ITIC).

Webster, G.L. 1 2 1 89, parietaria (F).

Webster, G.L. et al. 1 1 730, dauciodora (MEXU, MO); 1 7785, cf. mexicana

(MEXU); 20241 , cf. purulensis (GH).
Wedel, H. von 2203, pteropodon (US); 2487, microphylla (GH); 2847,

microphylla (US).

Weddell, H.A. 456 1 , dauciodora (P).
Wendt, T. et al. 2538, aff. pteridophylla (BM); 3088, tridentata (BM); 391 2,

aff. pteridophylla (BM); 39 1 9, irrorata (BM); 3983, irrorata (BM); 4 1 69,

tridentata (BM); 4877, aff. pteridophylla (BM); 4923, mexicana (BM);

4992, microphylla (BM); 4997, glabra (BM); 542\, glabra (BM); 5576,

mexicana (BM).
Werff, H. van der & Hardeveld, C. van 6575, purulensis (BM); 6721,

digitata (MO); 6798, digitata (MO).
Werff, H. van der & Herrera 6286, auriculata (BM); 6397, vulcanica

(BM).

Weston, A.S. 1512, pteropodon (F); 5066, pteropodon (F).
Weston, A.S. et al. 3449, parietaria (MO).
White, P. 173, vulcanica (MO); 228, cf. auriculata (GH).
Whitefoord, C. 1136, pubescens (BM); 1597, microphylla (BM); 1786,

chiapensis (BM); 1857, pubescens (BM); 3216, pubescens (BM); 3266,

pubescens (BM); 3297, pubescens (BM); 9450; microphylla (BM); 32997,

pubescens (F).
Whitefoord, C. & Eddy, A. 426, /o^eri (BM); 437, /orgeri (BM); 496,

pteropodon (BM).

Whittemore 82-049, purulensis (TEX).
Wilbur, R. et al. 1 1 882, vulcanica (F, GH); 1 3527, purulensis (F, GH, NY);

22864, dauciodora (F).

Wiley, J.R. 522a, microphylla (MO); 552, microphylla (MO).
Williams, L.0. 8\Q,forgeti (F, NY); 837, pubescens (NY); 16396, auriculata

(F); 16461, acuminata (F); 16863, microphylla (BM, F, GH); 17253,

parietaria (F, GH).

Williams, L.O. & Allen 16523, cf. costaricensis (F, GH).
Williams, L.O. & Molina R., A. 400, hyalina (F); 8663, parietaria (NY);

10406, microphylla (F, MO); 10664, microphylla (BM, F); 1 1443, /rya/ma

(F, GH, MEXU); 14479, pubescens (GH).
Williams, L.O. & Williams 18589, dauciodora (F, US).
Williams, L.O. et al. 23078, dauciodora (F); 23644, pubescens (NY);

24359, pittieri (F); 24400, dauciodora (F); 24664, pubescens (F); 25758,

auriculata (GH, NY); 25770, dauciodora (F, NY); 25792, auriculata (F);

25794, dauciodora (F); 25954, sA:w?c/n7 (F, MO); 26102, stoc/m (F);

262 1 1 , auriculata (BM, F); 26582, /rya//na (F); 26776, skutchii (F); 26955,

frya/ma (F, GH, NY, US); 27492, hyalina (F); 27985, hyalina (F, NY, US);

28025, auriculata (F, NY); 28047 ', parietaria (NY, US); 28342, hyalina (F,

NY, US); 28979, pubescens (F, NY); 40199, microphylla (F); 40410,

pubescens (F); 41999, microphylla (F); 42013, microphylla (F); 43234,

microphylla (F); 43624, microphylla (F).
Wilson, P. 40787, pubescens (F); 40941, quercifolia (F).
Witherspoon, J.T. et al. 8860, fiite/ww (MO, NY).
Woodson, E.E. Jr. & Schery, R. 242, parietaria (GH, MO, US); 243,

vulcanica (GH, MO, US); 269, vulcanica (GH, MO); 346, auriculata

(US); 347, vulcanica (MO); 449, cf. gracilipes (GH); 668, purulensis

(GH).
Woodson, E.E. Jr. et al. 894, vulcanica (GH, NY); 934, auriculata (MO,

NY, US); 1600, involucrata (GH, NY, US).
Wright, C. 1458, herniarioides (BM, K, MO, P).
Young s.n., pittieri (F).
Yuncker, T.G. et al. 8486, pubescens (BM, F, MO, NY).

SYNOPSIS OF MESOAMERICAN PILEA

25

SYSTEMATIC INDEX

Accepted names are in roman and synonyms in italics.

Parietaria microphylla L. 1 5

Pilea acuminata Liebm. 1 3

Pilea adamsiana A.K. Monro 13

Pilea angustifolia Killip 13

Pilea auriculata Liebm. 13

Pilea brittoniae Urb. 14

Pilea cadierei Gagnep. & Guillaumin 13

Pilea caudata Killip 13

Pilea centradenoides Seem. 13

Pilea chiapensis Killip 13

Pilea chiriquina Killip 16

Pilea chrysosplenoides Wedd. 1 5

Pilea ciliaris (L.) Wedd. 15

Pilea conjugalis A.K. Monro 13

Pilea cornmanae Killip 13

Pilea cornuto-cucullata Cufod. 13

Pilea corona A.K. Monro 13

Pilea costaricensis Donn. Sm. 13

Pilea daguensis Killip 13

Pilea dauciodora Wedd. ex Pav. 14

Pilea dauciodora van uncidens (Wedd.) Wedd. 14

Pilea deltoidea Liebm. 14

Pilea dendwphila Miq. 14

Pilea dendrophila var. major Wedd. 1 3

Pilea digitata A.K. Monro 14

Pilea diversissima Killip 14

Pilea donnell-smithiana Killip 16

Pilea ecboliophylla Donn. Sm. 14

Pilea falcata Liebm. 14

Pilea fasciata Wedd. 14

Pilea forgeti N.E. Br. 14

Pilea fuscata Liebm. 16

Pilea glabra S. Watson 14

Pilea gomeziana W.C. Burger 14

Pilea gracilipes Killip 1 7

Pilea herniarioides (Sw.) Wedd. 14

Pilea herniarioides var. peregrina (Griseb.) Urb. 14

Pilea hyalina Fenzl 14

Pilea imparifolia Wedd. 14

Pilea integrifolia Liebm. 15

Pilea involucrata (Sims) Urb. 14

Pilea irrorata Donn. Sm. 15

Pilea killipiana Standl. & Steyerm. 15

Pilea latifolia Wedd. 15

Pilea lindeniana Wedd. 15

Pilea longipes Liebm. 14

Pilea lundii Liebm. 14

Pilea magnicarpa A.K. Monro 15

Pilea mexicana Wedd. 15

Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. 15

Pilea microphylla var. peregrina Griseb. 14

Pilea mimema Standl. & Steyerm. 17

Pilea muscosa Lindl. 15

Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd. 15

Pilea ovalis Griseb. 1 5

Pilea pallida Killip 15

Pilea pansamalana Donn. Sm. 15

Pilea parietaria (L.) Blume 15

Pilea peregrina (Griseb.) Grudz. & P. Herrera 14

Pilea phenacoides Killip 16

Pilea pittieri Killip 16

Pilea pleuroneura Donn. Sm. 16

Pilea plumulosa A.K. Monro 16

Pilea portula Liebm. 15

Pilea ptericlada Donn. Sm. 16

Pilea pteridophylla A.K. Monro 16

Pilea pteropodon Wedd. 16

Pilea pubescens Liebm. 16

Pilea purulensis Donn. Sm. 16

Pilea quadrata A.K. Monro 16

Pilea quercifolia Killip 16

Pilea quichensis Donn. Sm. 15

Pilea rhizobola Miq. 14

Pilea rhombea (L.f.) Liebm. 15

Pilea riparia Donn. Sm. 16

Pilea rostulata A.K. Monro 16

Pilea rubiifolia Blume 15, 16

Pilea rugosissima Killip 16

Pilea rupicola Wedd. 16

Pilea scrobiculata Liebm. 14

Pilea seemannii Killip 13

Pilea senarifolia Donn. Sm. 16

Pilea serpyilacea (Kunth) Liebm. 15

Pilea skutchii Killip 16

Pilea standleyi Killip 17

Pilea tilarana W.C. Burger 16

Pilea trianaeana Wedd. 13

Pilea trichomanophylla A.K. Monro 17

Pilea tridentata Killip 17

Pilea tripartita A.K. Monro 17

Pilea tuerckheimii Donn. Sm. 14

Pilea tutensis A.K. Monro 17

Pilea uncidens Wedd. 14

Pilea variegata Wedd. 13

Pilea vulcanica Liebm. 17

Urtica ciliaris L. 15

Urtica herniarioides Sw. 14

Urtica involucrata Sims 14

Urtica nummulariifolia Sw. 15

Urtica parietaria L. 1 5

Urtica rhombea L.f. 15

Urtica serpyilacea Kunth 15

Urtica variegata Spreng. 13

Bull. nut. Hist. Mus. Umd. (Bot.) 31(1): 27-34

Issued 28 June 2001

The Japanese plant collection of Engelbert
Kaempfer (1651-1716) in the Sir Hans Sloane
Herbarium at The Natural History Museum,
London

PETRA-ANDREA HINZ

Institutfur Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitdt Miinchen, Postfach, D-
80306 Miinchen, Germany

CONTENTS

Introduction 27

Kaempfer's publications and manuscripts on the Japanese flora 27

Kaempfer's collection of Japanese plants 28

Database of the Kaempfer herbarium 30

References 30

Appendix: Provisional identification catalogue of specimens in volume HS 21 1 of the 30

Sir Hans Sloane Herbarium BM(S)

SYNOPSIS. The German physician Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716) was one of the first Europeans to be employed by the
Dutch East India Company as a company surgeon at Nagasaki in Japan. His two-year stay (1691-1692) afforded him an
opportunity to study the Japanese flora and he collected more than four hundred specimens, which are now preserved as volume
HS 21 1 of the Sloane Herbarium at The Natural History Museum in London. As a further result of his botanical studies he
published the descriptions of about five hundred Japanese plants in his work 'Amoenitatum exoticarum [...], fasc. V in 17 12 and
made more than two hundred, mostly unpublished, drawings of Japanese plants. Kaempfer's plant collection is historically very
important as a first European record of the Japanese flora and it is an essential element for the understanding of his botanical work
in Japan. The collection has now been thoroughly studied and a database of his specimens in volume HS 2 1 1 has been created as
part of an ongoing project to digitize historical collections at The Natural History Museum. A provisional identification catalogue
of all the specimens in HS 2 1 1 is provided here and the complete database will be available on the NHM web site in the near future.

INTRODUCTION

Engelbert Kaempfer was born 15 September 1651 in Lemgo, Ger-
many. After his university studies of law and medicine in Poland and
Sweden he travelled in 1683 to Russia and Persia (now Iran), where
he stayed until 1688. The Persian plant specimens in volume HS 211
(fol. 107-fol. 109) of the Sloane Herbarium were probably collected
during this period.

Kaempfer arrived in Japan on 26 September 1691 by way of
India, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and Java. He had been offered
employment by the Dutch East India Company as a company
surgeon and stayed until 31 October 1692. During the Edo period
Japan was closed to foreigners, but employees of the Dutch East
India Company were allowed to stay in Deshima, a trading post
situated on an artificial island in Nagasaki Harbour. Although
normally he would have been obliged to remain in Deshima, as a
company surgeon Kaempfer twice had the opportunity to accom-
pany the shogun to Edo, the Tokyo of today.

Geographical, topographical, and cultural observations were
strictly prohibited, but Kaempfer's botanical interest was supported
by the Japanese. He collected specimens, prepared drawings, and
took copious notes on the Japanese flora. Fortunately when he left
Japan, he succeeded in taking his plant collection, as well as his
manuscripts, back to Europe.

Travelling via Java and South Africa on his journey to Europe, he
arrived one year later in Leyden (Leiden, The Netherlands), where
he finally wrote his thesis in medicine. It is possible that Kaempfer's
collection of European plants, arranged as a study herbarium, may
have been prepared during his stay at the University of Leiden. This
collection is kept in volume HS 2 1 3 of the Sloane Herbarium at The
Natural History Museum, London.

Engelbert Kaempfer passed his last years in his home town of
Lemgo as a physician, while also working on his manuscripts. For a
detailed appreciation of Engelbert Kaempfer's life and work, see
Haberland(1996).

KAEMPFER'S PUBLICATIONS AND
MANUSCRIPTS ON THE JAPANESE FLORA

Together with his plant collection, Engelbert Kaempfer left behind
an extensive collection of manuscripts, drawings, and objects from
his travels. After his death, Sir Hans Sloane became interested in
these manuscripts and collections and acquired them from
Kaempfer's nephew (Dandy, 1958: 145).

Today, Kaempfer's manuscripts are housed at the British Library,
Department of Manuscripts, and his plant collections are kept at The
Natural History Museum. London as part of the Sloane Herbarium

The Natural History Museum. 2001

28

P.A.HINZ

(HS 211 and HS 213). Several of his extensive manuscripts (for
example, SI 74, SI 2907, SI 2914, and SI 2915) concern Japanese
botany, one being of particular interest, namely his drawings of
Japanese plants (SI 2914). This volume, entitled 'Dellneatio
plantarum japonicaruni contains 217 folios, mostly with Japanese
plant names and references to Kaempfer's publication 'Amoenitatum
exoticarum [...], fasc. V (1712) by J.G. Scheuchzer (Dandy, 1958:
145). Fifty of these detailed drawings were selected and published
posthumously by Banks (1791).

Clearly Kaempfer's most important work on the Japanese flora is
his publication of over five hundred plant descriptions in
'Amoenitatum exoticarum [...], fasc. V (1712), where he provided
the Chinese characters, the Latin transcriptions of the Japanese plant
names, and fairly detailed Latin descriptions. For an annotated
reprint of Kaempfer's flora of Japan, see Muntschick (1983). In his
descriptions of Japanese plants Kaempfer frequently referred to
European species. He is believed to have used his collection of
European specimens collected in Leiden, The Netherlands (HS 213:
'Plants gathered in the gardens of Leyden by Dr. Engelbert
Kaempfer') for these comparisons.

An extensive historical-critical edition of Kaempfer's flora of
Japan has been in preparation since 1 992 at the Institut fur Geschichte
der Naturwissenschaften at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat,
Munich (Germany) by Professor Brigitte Hoppe, the author of this
paper being responsible for all botanical comments.

KAEMPFER'S COLLECTION OF JAPANESE
PLANTS

The volume of Englebert Kaempfer's Japanese plant collection (HS
211) is one of the most important in the Sloane Herbarium as his
records are basic to the study of the flora of Japan (Dandy, 1958:
144-145). The volume contains 410 specimens on 1 1 1 folio sheets
(Fig. 1 ). It is entitled ' Volumen plantarum in Japonia collectarum ab
Engelberto Kempfero M. D. annis 1691 & 1692. Addita sub finem
plantae aliquot ab eodem in Persia & Insula Ceylan repertae' by M.
Maty (1718-1776), Principal Librarian at the British Museum in
1757. The specimens of each folio have been numbered by a
previous revisor, probably D.C. Solander.

Several species are represented by a number of specimens on
different sheets of the herbarium; for example, Amelanchier asiatica
(Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (HS 2 1 1 : 1 1 . 2, 37. 5, 39. 1 , 74. 4, 77. 8, 89.
1, ?90. 1). All specimens are Japanese plants, except those on fol.
107-fol. 109 from Persia (Iran) and those on fol. 110 from Ceylon
(Sri Lanka). Many specimens are on small, probably original sheets
affixed to larger ones of the Sloane volume (for example, fol. 24, fol.
26-fol. 36, fol. 108, and fol. 111). Several bear names in E.
Kaempfer's hand. Some specimens have original labels written by
E. Kaempfer which unfortunately are often illegible (for example,
fol. 6, fol. 7, fol. 55, and fol. 69).

Table 1 Information recorded in the database of the Kaempfer herbarium.

Category of information

Description

Fields

Consecutive number
Position number (HS 211)
Determination

Determinavit
Duplicates

Annotations

Annotation 1
Annotation 2

Annotation 3

References to Ray's Historia plantarum

Locality

Correspondence to E. Kaempfer's other works

Correspondence to drawings
Comments

A running number used to distinguish each specimen or position of

missing specimen in the volume.
Folio number followed by a number indicating the specimen's

position on the page, probably added by D.C. Solander.
Family, genus and, if possible, species with its authority. The

identifications follow as far as possible the taxonomy of Ohwi,

Flora of Japan (1965) and probably Zander (1994). Any uncertainty

is indicated by a question-mark to the left of the identification.
The determiner.
Denotes species represented by a number of specimens on different

folios of the herbarium.
These are in chronological order. All of them are copied literally and

their authors are identified if possible.
Shows if an original label written by E. Kaempfer is present.
Indicates references written by J.G. Scheuchzer to Kaempfer's

manuscript of drawings (SI 2914).
Indicates references written by J.G. Scheuchzer to Ray's (1686-1704)

Historia plantarum.
All references to Ray's Historia plantarum (1686-1704) are indicated

and the original citation in the copy of the Botany Library atThe

Natural History Museum is quoted. The author of these annotations

seems to be J. Amman.
Indicates that the specimens come essentially from Japan with the

exceptions quoted from Persia and Ceylon.
Reference to Kaempfer's (1712) publication, Amoenitatum

exoticarum [...]fasc. V , ( Am. Ex.) with the page number on

which the species is described and secondly the number attributed to

this plant description.
Shows the correspondence of the herbarium specimen to an original

drawing of Engelbert Kaempfer in his manuscripts (SI 2914). These

drawings are referred to by Roman numerals [SI 2914 (page,

Rom.): ] and by Arabic numerals [SI 2914 (page, Arab.): ].
Indicates any particularity of the specimen, for example its position

on an original herbarium sheet or the legibility of Kaempfer's label.

Relevant remarks on synonyms may also be here.

Consecutive number
Position number (HS 211)
Family, Genus, Species, Authority

Determinavit
Duplicates

Annotation 1
Annotation 2

Annotation 3

RAY, Hist. PI. (text):
RAY, Hist. PI. (manu):

Locality

Am. Ex. (page):
Am. Ex. (number):

SI 29 14 (page, Rom.):
SI 29 14 (page, Arab.):

Comments

THE JAPANESE PLANT COLLECTION OF ENGELBERT KAEMPFER

29

HS Vol. 211 Page 24.

5cm

Fig. 1 Sciadopitys verticillata (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc., Taxodiaceae (HS 21 1: 24. 0).

30

The first examiners of Engelbert Kaempfer's plant collection
were J.G. Scheuchzer (1684-1738) and J. Amman (1707-1741).
Many specimens are referred to Ray's, Historia plantarum (1686-
1704) by J. Amman. J.G. Scheuchzer was Sir Hans Sloane's
amanuensis and translated E. Kaempfer's 'The history of Japan"
from the High German manuscript into English, which was first
published in London in 1727. Most of the specimens are named by
D.C. Solander (1733-1782); from fol. 1 to fol. 44 each specimen is
labelled individually; from fol. 45 onwards the identifications of all
specimens on one folio are gathered on one label. Undetermined
specimens have been annotated with the symbol '0' by Solander.

Some annotations indicate that C.P. Thunberg (1743-1828), who
inspected Kaempfer's collection in 1778 (Dandy, 1958: 145), helped
Solander to identify certain specimens. See, for example, HS 211:
fol. 45. 1 , where Solander wrote Thunberg not knew' . It is possible
that some of the specimens in this volume (HS 211) were originally
from Thunberg's collection of Japanese plants (for example, HS
211: fol. 3. 4, 40. 1). C.P. Thunberg had held the same position in
Japan at the Dutch East India Company as Kaempfer and he pub-
lished an extensive flora with reference to Kaempfer's descriptions
(Kaempfer, 1712) with a separate identification catalogue of
Kaempfer's descriptions called "Kaempferus illustrates' as an an-
nex (Thunberg, 1784).

Particular specimens were later revised by several botanists,
among the most important of which were R.A. Salisbury (1761-
1829), Ph. F. von Siebold (1796-1866), and W.Munro (1818-1 889).

At the beginning of the nineteenth century the Coniferae collected
by Kaempfer were the subject of a paper by Salisbury (1817), who
wrote his identification next to each specimen, while J. Britten
indicated the reference to this paper.

Ph. F. von Siebold, who also had an opportunity to study the flora
in Japan and had published a flora of the country (Siebold &
Zuccarini, 1835-1870), studied Kaempfer's collection and anno-
tated several specimens (for example, in HS 21 1: 25. 3, 48. 2, 50. 3,
58. 4, 59. 3).

In his monograph of the Bambusoideae, Munro (1870) referred to
all Kaempfer specimens of this subfamily of Poaceae found in HS
211 (for example, fol. 78, fol. 98, and fol. 99).

Only a few specimens carry modern determinavit slips, for example
all specimens of the genus Rhododendron L. examined by B.
Miyazawa in 1926 and specimens of the genus Magnolia L. studied
by J.E. Dandy.

Database of the Kaempfer herbarium

This database has been created to provide a searchable record of
information on Kaempfer's specimens and associated sources and
will include a series of digital images of each specimen in volume
HS 21 1 . It includes a current identification of each specimen as far
as possible, as well as all previous annotations or determinations.
The information recorded in the database and the fields included are
summarized in Table 1 .

Whilst there are a number of inconsistencies and omissions
concerning determinations of the specimens and identification of the
author's handwriting in the database, checking of data is continuing.
It is hoped that the future publication of this database and images on
the web site of The Natural History Museum [http://www.nhm.ac.uk/
botany/databases] will encourage further annotation by specialists
to complete the taxonomic identity of this historically and scientifi-
cally important herbarium.

P.A.HINZ

REFERENCES

Banks, J. 1791. Icones selectae plantarum, quas in Japonia collegit et delineavit
Engelbertus Kaempfer; ex archetypus in Musco Britannico asservaris. London.

Dandy, J.E. 1958. The Sloane Herbarium. An annotated list of the horti sicci compos-
ing it. London.

Haberland, D. 1996. Engelbert Kaempfer 1651-1716. A biography. London.

Kaempfer, E. 1712. Amoenitatum exoticarum politico-physico-medicarum fasciculi V.
Lemgo.

1727. The history of Japan [...] 1, 2. London.

Munro, W. 1 870. A monograph of Bambusaceae including descriptions of all species.
Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 26: 1-158.

Muntschick, W. 1983. Engelbert Kaempfer. Flora Japonica (1712) Reprint des
Originals and Kommentar. Wiesbaden.

Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan. Washington.

Ray, J. 1686-1704. Historia plantarum 1-3. London.

Salisbury, R.A. 1817. On the coniferous plants of Kaempfer. Journal of Science and
Arts 2: 309-314.

Siebold, P.F. von & Zuccarini, J.G. 1835-1870. Flora japonica 1, 2. Leiden.

Thunberg, C.P. 1784. Flora japonica. Leipzig.

Zander, R. 1994. Handworterbuch der Pflanzennamen. 15th ed. Stuttgart.

APPENDIX: PROVISIONAL IDENTIFICATION
CATALOGUE OF SPECIMENS IN VOLUME HS
211 OF THE SIR HANS SLOANE HERBARIUM
BM(S)

Note: The first number indicates the folio number of the volume, the
second number following the full-stop indicates the position number
of the specimen on the folio attributed by D.C. Solander. A question-
mark to the left of an identification indicates an uncertain
determination.

The pteridophytes have been identified by J. Camus and A.M.
Paul and specimens of the genus Rhododendron L. by B. Miyazawa;
other specimens have mostly been identified by P.-A. Hinz.

1.1: ICyatheafauriei (H. Christ) Copel. (Cyatheaceae)
1.2: Pteridophyta

2. 0: Adiantum monochlamys Eaton (Pteridaceae)

3. 1: Polygonum chinense L. (Polygonaceae)

3. 2: Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai (Amaranthaceae)
3. 3: Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. (Schizaeaceae)

3. 4: Asplenium incisum Thunb. (Aspleniaceae)

4. 1 : Lunathyrium japonicum (Thunb.) Sa. Kurata (Dryopteridaceae)

4. 2: Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae)
4. 3: Asteraceae

4. 4: Sphenomeris chinensis (L.) Maxon (Dennstaedtiaceae)

5. 1: Rhusjavanica L. (Anacardiaceae)

5. 2: Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Anacardiaceae)

5. 3: Phegopteris decursive-pinnata (H.C. Hall) Fee (Thelypter-
idaceae)

6. 1: Juniperus chinensis L. (Cupressaceae)
6. 2: Thuja orientalis L. (Cupressaceae)

6. 3: Chamaecyparispisifera (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Cupressaceae)

6. 4: Juniperus chinensis L. (Cupressaceae)

7. 1: Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don (Taxodiaceae)

7. 2: Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don 'Elegans' (Taxodiaceae)

7. 3: Thuja orientalis L. (Cupressaceae)

8. 1: Thujopsis dolabrata (Thunb. ex L.f.) Siebold & Zucc.
(Cupressaceae)

8. 2: Pieris japonica (Thunb.) D. Don (Ericaceae)

8. 3: Rhododendron indicum (L.) Sweet (Ericaceae)

9. 1 : Quercus dentata Thunb. (Fagaceae)

9. 2: Shortia soldanelloides (Siebold & Zucc.) Makino (Diapensi-
aceae)

THE JAPANESE PLANT COLLECTION OF ENGELBERT KAEMPFER

9. 3: Abies firma Siebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae)

9. 4a: Stachyums praecox Siebold & Zucc. (Stachyuraceae)

9. 4b: Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl (Oleaceae)

10. 1: Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Knight) K. Koch (Cephalo-
taxaceae)

10. 2: Cryptomeriajaponica (L.f.) D. Don 'Elegans' (Taxodiaceae)

10. 3: Juniperm rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressaceae)

10. 4: Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (Fabaceae)

10. 5: Veronica linariifolia Pall. (Scrophulariaceae)

11.1: Juniperm rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressaceae)

11.2: Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)

11.3: Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae)

11.4: Aesculus turbinata Blume (Hippocastanaceae)

12. 1: Cryptomeriajaponica (L.f.) D. Don (Taxodiaceae)

12. 2: Artemisia indica Willd. (Asteraceae)

12. 3: Juniperus rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressaceae)

13. 1: Juniperus rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressaceae)
13. 2: Juniperus rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressaceae)

13. 3: Aucuba japonica Thunb. (Cornaceae)

14. la: Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. (Scrophulariaceae)
14. Ib: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)

14. 2: Juniperus rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressaceae)

15. 1: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch. (Ulmaceae)
15. 2: Spiraea prunifolia Siebold & Zucc. (Rosaceae)
15. 3: Selaginella pachystachys Koidz. (Selaginellaceae)

15. 4: Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl (Oleaceae)

16. 1 : ISelaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring (Selaginellaceae)
16. 2: ICaesalpinia japonica Siebold & Zucc. (Fabaceae)

16. 3: Rubus commersonii Poir. (Rosaceae)

17. 1: ICaesalpinia japonica Siebold & Zucc. (Fabaceae)
17. 2: Rhododendron japonicum Sur. (Ericaceae)

17. 3: Ranunculus sp. (Ranunculaceae)

17. 4: Ligustrum ibota Siebold & Zucc. (Oleaceae)

18. 1: Juniperus chinensis L. (Cupressaceae)

18. 2: Abelia spathulata Siebold & Zucc. (Caprifoliaceae)

18. 3: Trachelospermum sp. (Apocynaceae)

18. 4: Deutzia scabra Thunb. (Saxifragaceae)

18. 5: IBletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae)

18. 6: lEuphorbia helioscopia L. (Euphorbiaceae)

18. 7: lEchinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae)

19. 1: Pieris japonica (Thunb.) D. Don (Ericaceae)
19. 2: ?Rosaceae or ?Symplocaceae

19. 3: Thuja orientalis L. (Cupressaceae)

20. 1: Cinnamomum japonicum Siebold (Lauraceae)
20. 2: Juniperus rigida Siebold & Zucc. (Cupressacae)

20. 3: Rhus succedanea L. (Anacardiaceae)

21 . 0: Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Knight) K. Koch (Cephalo-
taxaceae)

22. 1: Torreya nucifera (L.) Siebold & Zucc. (Taxaceae)

22. 2: lllex rotunda Thunb. or ? Ilex integra Thunb. (Aquifoliaceae)

23. 1 : Cycas revoluta Thunb. (Cycadaceae)
23. 2a: Camellia japonica L. (Theaceae)

23. 2b: Trochodendron aralioides Siebold & Zucc. (Trochodendra-
ceae)

24. 0: Sciadopitys verticillata (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc. (Taxodi-
aceae)

25. 1: Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) Sweet (Podocarpaceae)
25. 2: IPinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae)

25. 3: Deutzia crenata Thunb. (Saxifragaceae)

25. 4: IQuercus dentata Thunb., hybrid (Fagaceae)

26. 0: Smilax china L. (Smilacaceae)

27. 1: Hibiscus tiliaceus L. (Malvaceae)

27. 2: Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Theaceae)

28. 1 : Pteris multiflda Poir. (Pteridaceae)

28. 2: ?Caprifoliaceae

28. 3: Artemisia indica Willd. (Asteraceae)

28. 4: IGnaphalium japonicum Thunb. (Asteraceae)

29. 1 : Viola sp. (Violaceae)

29. 2: Oxalis corniculata L. (Oxalidaceae)

29. 3: Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem. (Apocynaceae)

30. 1: Hydrangea scadens (L.f.) Ser. (Saxifragaceae)
30. 2: Rhus succedanea L. (Anacardiaceae)

31.0: Broussonetia papyri/era (L.) L'Her. ex Vent. (Moraceae)
32. 1 : Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc. (Lauraceae)
32. 2: Camellia japonica L. (Theaceae)

32. 3: ?Myrtaceae

33. 0: Nandina domestica Thunb. (Berberidaceae)

34. 0: Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (Celastraceae)

35. 0: Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K. Schum. (Bignoniaceae)

36. 1: Zanthoxylum piperitum DC. (Rutaceae)

36. 2: Sium sisarum L. (Apiaceae)

37. 1 : Quercus serrata Thunb. (Fagaceae)

37. 2: Eurya emarginata (Thunb.) Makino (Theaceae)
37. 3: Indet.
37. 4: Indet.

37. 5: Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)

38. 1: ISambucus sieboldiana Blume (Caprifoliaceae) or IRhus
trichocarpa Miq. (Anacardiaceae)

38. 2: Rhus succedanea L. (Anacardiaceae)

38. 3: Pieris japonica (Thunb.) D. Don (Ericaceae)

39. 1 : Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)
39. 2: IQuercus glauca Thunb. (Fagaceae)

39. 3: Rhododendron sp. (Ericaceae)

39. 4: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)

40. 1 : IDisporum sessile D. Don or ID. smilacinum A. Gray (Lilia-
ceae)

40. 2: ?Rosaceae or ?Primulaceae

40. 3: Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Aiton (Pittosporaceae)
41.1: Corydalis decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. (Papaveraceae)

41. 2: Podocarpus nagi (Thunb.) Makino (Podocarpaceae)

42. 1 : Corydalis incisa (Thunb.) Pers. (Papaveraceae)

42. 2: ISpiraea thunbergii Siebold or IS. prunifolia Siebold & Zucc.

(Rosaceae)

42. 3: IPrunus glandulosa Thunb. (Rosaceae)

42. 4: Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (Celastraceae)

42. 5: Stellaria media (L.) Vill. (Caryophyllaceae)

43. 1 : Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. (Scrophulariaceae)
43. 2: Corydalis incisa (Thunb.) Pers. (Papaveraceae)

43. 3: ISpiraea thunbergii Siebold or ?5. prunifolia Siebold & Zucc.
(Rosaceae)

43. 4: ILaurus latifolia Thunb. (Lauraceae) or ?Aquifoliaceae

44. 1 : Indet.

44. 2: ISpiraea thunbergii Siebold or ?5. prunifolia Siebold & Zucc.

(Rosaceae)

44. 3: ? Apiaceae

44. 4: Stachyurus praecox Siebold & Zucc. (Stachyuraceae)

44. 5: Smilax china L. (Smilacaceae)

44. 6: Corydalis decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. (Papaveraceae)

45. 1 : Acorus gramineus Aiton (Araceae)
45. 2: ?Poaceae

45. 3: Osmunda japonica Thunb. (Osmundaceae)

45. 4: IPeucedanum terebinthaceum (Fisch. ex Trevir.) Fisch. ex
Turcz. (Apiaceae)

46. 1: ?Lauraceae
46. 2: ?Lauraceae

46. 3: Onychium japonicum (Thunb.) Kunze (Pteridaceae)

32

P.A. HINZ

46. 4: ?Apiaceae

46. 5: Acer palmatum Thunb. (Aceraceae)

47. 1: 1 Quercus glauca Thunb. (Fagaceae)
47. 2: Spiraea cantoniensis Lour. (Rosaceae)
47. 3: ?Rosaceae

47. 4: Acer palmatum Thunb. (Aceraceae)

47. 5: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)

48. 1 : lArisaema sp. (Araceae)

48. 2: Dicentra spectabilis (L.) Lem. (Papaveraceae)

48. 3: Acer palmatum Thunb. (Aceraceae)

49. 1: Trachelospermum asiaticum (Siebold & Zucc.) Nakai (Apo-
cynaceae)

49. 2: Rhus sylvestris Siebold & Zucc. (Anacardiaceae)

50. 1 : IRubus sp. (Rosaceae)
50. 2: Indet.

50. 3: Dioscorea quinqueloba Thunb. (Dioscoreaceae)

50. 4: Ilex latifolia Thunb. (Aquifoliaceae)

51.1: Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. (Oleaceae)

51. 2: Ficus pumila L. (Moraceae)

51.3: Illicium religiosum Siebold & Zucc. (Illiciaceae)
5 1.4: Indet.

52. 1: Castanopsis cuspidata (Thunb.) Schottky (Fagaceae)
52. 2: Ilex chinensis Sims (Aquifoliaceae)

52. 3: Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. (Ericaceae)

53. 1 : Quercus glauca Thunb. (Fagaceae)
53. 2: Quercus acuta Thunb. (Fagaceae)
53. 3: Indet.

53. 4: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch. (Araliaceae)

54. 1: Indet.

54. 2: Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Rubiaceae)
54. 3: Indet.

54. 4: Castanopsis cuspidata (Thunb.) Schottky (Fagaceae)

55. 0: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz. (Lauraceae)

56. 1: Mallotus japonicus (Thunb.) Miill.Arg. (Euphorbiaceae)
56. 2: Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)

56. 3: Corylopsis sp. (Hamamelidaceae)

57. 1: Indet.

57. 2: ISpiraea thunbergii Siebold or ?5. prunifolia Siebold & Zucc.
(Rosaceae)

58. 1: Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)
58. 2: IPrunus glandulosa Thunb. (Rosaceae)

58. 3: Eurya japonica Thunb. (Theaceae)

58. 4: Stachyurus praecox Siebold & Zucc. (Stachyuraceae)

59. 1: ISymplocos lucida (Thunb. ex Murray) Siebold & Zucc.
(Symplocaceae)

59. 2: Pittosporurn tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Aiton (Pittosporaceae)
59. 3: Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc. (Myricaceae)

59. 4: Skimmia japonica Thunb. (Rutaceae)

60. 1: Indet.

60. 2: Zanthoxyllum piperitum (L.) DC. (Rutaceae)

60. 3: Illicium religiosum Siebold & Zucc. (Illiciaceae)

61.1: Acorus gramineus Aiton (Araceae)

61.2: ISpiraea prunifolia Siebold & Zucc. (Rosaceae)

6 1.3: Indet.

62. 1 : Elaeagnus pungens Thunb. (Elaeagnaceae)

62. 2a: ^Rhododendron kaempferi Planch. (Ericaceae)

62. 2b: Rhododendron scabrum G. Don (Ericaceae)

62. 2c: Rhododendron macrosepalum Maxim. (Ericaceae)

62. 3: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)

63. 1: Podocarpus nagi (Thunb.) Makino (Podocarpaceae)

63. 2: Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Aiton (Pittosporaceae)

63. 3: Illicium religiosum Siebold & Zucc. (Illiciaceae)

64. 1: lAristolochia sp. or lAsarum sp. (Aristolochiaceae)

64. 2: IKadsura japonica (L.f.) Dunal (Magnoliaceae)
64. 3: Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Rubiaceae)
64. 4: Indet.

64. 5: Rhus javanica L. (Anacardiaceae)

65. 1: Indet.

65. 2: Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (Apiaceae)

65. 3: Indet.

65. 4: ?Lauraceae

65. 5: Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Rubiaceae)

65. 6: ?Lauraceae

66. 1 : ILigustrum obtusifolium Siebold & Zucc. or ?L. ibota Siebold
& Zucc. (Oleaceae)

66. 2: ILonicera sp. (Caprifoliaceae)

66. 3: Hypericum monogynum L. (Guttiferae)

66. 4: Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Wight & Arn.) Sprague (Theaceae)

67. 1 : Stauntonia hexaphylla Decne. (Lardizabalaceae)
67. 2: Lindera sericea Blume (Lauraceae)

67. 3: lEuonymus sieboldianus Blume or IE. japonicus L.f. (Celast-
raceae)

67. 4: ISophora japonica L. (Fabaceae)

68. 1: ^Rhododendron metternichii Siebold & Zucc. (Ericaceae)
68. 2a: Hepaticae

68. 2b: Musci

68. 3: ILigustrum sieboldiana Blume or IE. japonicum Thunb.

(Oleaceae)

68. 4: Clematis florida Thunb. (Ranunculaceae)

69. 1: ?Lauraceae

69. 2: Quercus serrata Thunb. (Fagaceae)

69. 3: Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A.DC. (Campanulaceae)

70. 0: Phyllostachys bambusoides Siebold & Zucc. (Poaceae)
71.0: Nandina domestica Thunb. (Berberidaceae)

72. 1 : Indet. (from Persia)
72. 2: Indet. (from Persia)
72. 3: Indet. (from Persia)

72. 4: Indet. (from Persia)

73. 1: Ficus religiosa L. (Moraceae, from Persia)
73. 2: Indet. (from Persia)

73. 3: Indet. (Fabaceae, from Persia)

74. la: IVeronica sp. (Scrophulariaceae)

74. Ib: ^Rhododendron metternichii Siebold & Zucc. (Ericaceae)

74. 2: ISymplocos glauca (Thunb.) Koidz. (Symplocaceae)

74. 3: Buxus microphylla Siebold & Zucc. (Buxaceae)

74. 4: Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)

74. 5: Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. (Lardizabalaceae)

74. 6: Elaeagnus pungens Thunb. (Elaeagnaceae)

74. 7: Indet.

74. 8: Pteridophyta

75. 1: Lonicera sp. (Caprifoliaceae)

75. 2: Mirabilisjalapa L. (Nyctaginaceae) orJasminum sambac (L.)

Aiton (Oleaceae)

75. 3: Rhododendron indicum (L.) Sweet (Ericaceae)

75. 4: Lemmaphyllum microphyllum C. Presl (Polypodiaceae)

75. 5: Paris verticillata M. Bieb. (Liliaceae)

75. 6: Begonia evansiana Andrews (Begoniaceae)

76. 1 : Rhus succedanea L. (Anacardiaceae)
76. 2: Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae)

76. 3: Slum sisarum L. (Apiaceae)

77. 1: Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae)

77. 2: Deutzia scabra Thunb. (Saxifragaceae)

77. 3: Indet.

77. 4: Indet.

77. 5: Indet.

77. 6: ?Boraginaceae

THE JAPANESE PLANT COLLECTION OF ENGELBERT KAEMPFER

33

77. 7: Rhododendron mucronatum (Blume) G. Don (Ericaceae)

77. 8: Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)

78. 1: Fabaceae
78. 2: Indet.

78. 3: Rhododendron tamurae (Makino) Masam. (Ericaceae)

78. 4: ISpiraea thunbergii Siebold or ?5. prunifolia Siebold & Zucc.

(Rosaceae)

78. 5: Indet.

78. 6: Bambusa fortunei Van Houtte (Poaceae)

78. 7: Equisetum arvense L. (Equisetaceae)

79. 1 : Viburnum plicatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)
79. 2a: IMagnolia kobus DC. (Magnoliaceae)
79. 2b: ^Magnolia liliiflora Desr. (Magnoliaceae)

79. 3: Spiraea cantoniensis Lour. (Rosaceae)

80. 1: Rhusjavanica L. (Anacardiaceae)
80. 2: Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae)

80. 3: Weigela coraeensis Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)

81.1: Rhus succedanea L. (Anacardiaceae)

81.2: IPolygonum barbatum L. or IP.japonicum Meisn. (Polygon-

aceae)

81.3: Aucuba japonica Thunb. (Cornaceae)

82. 0: Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Anacardiaceae)

82. Oa: Polygonum chinense L. (Polygonaceae)

83. 1: Wisteria brachybotrys Siebold & Zucc. (Fabaceae)

83. 2: Orixa japonica Thunb. (Rutaceae)

84. 1 : Salix sp. (Salicaceae)

84. 2: Osmunda japonica Thunb. (Osmundaceae)
84. 3: IPotentilla sp. (Rosaceae)

84. 4: IWisteria sp. (Fabaceae)

85. 1: Rhus sylvestris Siebold & Zucc. (Anacardiaceae)

85. 2: Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Wight & Arn.) Sprague (Theaceae)
85. 3: IViburnum plicatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)

85. 4: Indet.

86. 1 : Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Wight & Arn.) Sprague (Theaceae)

86. 2: Asteraceae

86. 3: Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce (Liliaceae)

86. 4: Iridaceae

87. 1: Aleurites cordata (Thunb.) R. Br. (Euphorbiaceae)
87. 2: Aleurites cordata (Thunb.) R. Br. (Euphorbiaceae)
87. 3: Asteraceae

87. 4: Fabaceae

88. 1: IGynurajaponicum (Thunb.) Juel (Asteraceae)
88. 2: Gymnospermae

88. 3: IPieris japonica (Thunb.) D. Don (Ericaceae)

88. 4: ?Nymphaeaceae

89. 1: Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)
89. 2: Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (Celastraceae)

89. 3: Gentiana thunbergii (G. Don) Griseb. (Gentianaceae)

89. 4: Aesculus turbinata Blume (Hippocastanaceae)

90. 1: 1 'Amelanchier asiatica (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (Rosaceae)
90. 2: Stauntonia hexaphylla Decne. (Lardizabalaceae)

90. 3: Buxus microphylla Siebold & Zucc. (Buxaceae)

90. 4: Indet.

91.1: Rhusjavanica L. (Anacardiaceae)
91.2: Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae)

91. 3: Damnacanthus indicus (L.) Gaertn. (Rubiaceae)

92. 1 : ITrachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl. or IT. wagnerianus
Becc. (Arecaceae)

92. 2: lEupatorium fortunei Turcz. or IE. lindleyanum DC. (Aster-
aceae)

92. 3: Quercus gilva Blume (Fagaceae)

93. 1: Apiaceae

93. 2: ICornus controversa Hemsl. (Cornaceae)

93. 3: Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Anacardiaceae)

94. 1 : Indet.

94. 2: Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don (Taxodiaceae)
94. 3: Primula sieboldii E. Morren (Primulaceae)
94. 4: IPaeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Ranunculaceae)
94. 5: lAmorphophallus sp. or lArisaema sp. (Araceae)

94. 6: Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Theaceae)

95. 0: Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunb. (Verbenaceae)

96. 1: Ficus erecta L. var. sieboldii (Miq.) King (Moraceae)
96. 2: Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Rubiaceae)

96. 3: Clematis florida Thunb. (Ranunculaceae)

96. 4: ?Asteraceae

97. 1: 1 Artemisia capillaris Thunb. or 1A. schmidtiana Maxim.
(Asteraceae)

97. 2: IPaeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Ranunculaceae) or IDicentra

spectabilis (L.) Lem. (Papaveraceae)

97. 3: Acorus gramineus Aiton (Araceae)

97. 4: ILaminaria japonica Areschoug (Laminariaceae)

97. 5: Raphia humilis A. Chev. (Arecaceae)

98. 0: IPhyllostachys bambusoides Siebold & Zucc. (Poaceae)

99. 0: IPhyllostachys bambusoides Siebold & Zucc. (Poaceae)

100. 1: Asteraceae
100. 2: Asteraceae

100. 3: ISerissafoetida (L.f.) Poir. ex Lam. (Rubiaceae)
100. 4: IViburnum dilatatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)
100. 5: Saxifraga stolonifera Curtis (Saxifragaceae)

100. 6: IViburnum dilatatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)

101. 1 : IZea mays L. (Poaceae)
101. 2: Apiaceae

101. 3: Apiaceae

102. 1: Gleditsia japonica Miq. (Fabaceae)
102. 2: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)
102. 3: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)
102. 4: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)

102. 5: IChaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (Rosaceae)

103. 1: Rhododendron mucronatum (Blume) G. Don (Ericaceae)
103. 2: IHosta sp. (Liliaceae)

103. 3: IViburnum dilatatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae)

103. 4: Equisetum arvense L. (Equisetaceae)

103. 5: Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae)

103. 6: Osmunda japonica Thunb. (Osmundaceae)

103. 7: Indet.

103. 8: Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. (Lardizabalaceae)

103. 9: IWisteria sp. (Fabaceae)

104. 1: Poaceae

104. 2: Pulsatilla cemua (Thunb.) Bercht. & Opiz (Ranunculaceae)
104. 3: Kerria japonica (L.) DC. (Rosaceae)
104. 4: Indet.

104. 5: Indet.

105. 1: Dioscorea quinqueloba Thunb. (Dioscoreaceae)
105. 2: Indet.

105. 3: Lauraceae

105. 4: Indet.

105. 5: Indet.

105. 6: IStauntonia hexaphylla Decne. (Lardizabalaceae)

105. 7: Indet. (Monocotyledonaej

105. 8: Indet.

105. 9: Indet.

105. 10: 1 Dioscorea japonica Thunb. (Dioscoreaceae)

105. 11: Aristolochia kaempferi Willd. (Aristolochiaceae)

105. 12: Indet.

105. 13: Indet.

105. 14: Rhododendron japonicum Sur. (Ericaceae)

34

P.A. HINZ

105. 15: Magnolia sp. (Magnoliaceae) 109. 1:

105. 16: ^Rhododendron kaempferi Planch. (Ericaceae) 109. 2:

105. 17: IPaeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Ranunculaceae) 109. 3:

105. 18: Indet. 109.4:

106. 1: Dioscorea sp. (Dioscoreaceae) 110. 1:
106. 2: Indet. 110.2:
106. 3: Indet. 110.3:
106. 4: Indet. 110.4:
106. 5: lllex sp. (Aquifoliaceae) or lOsmanthus sp. (Oleaceaej 1 10. 5:
106. 6: Wisteria sp. (Fabaceaej 1 10. 6:
106. 7: Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv. (Vitaceae) 1 10. 7:

106. 8: Indet. 111.1:

107. 0: ? Ferula assa-foetida L. (Apiaceae, from Persia) 111.2:

108. 0: ? Ferula assa-foetida L. (Apiaceae, from Persia)

IFerula assa-foetida L. (Apiaceae, from Persia)
Smilajc china L. (Smilacaceae)
Orchidaceae

lAlhagi pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.) Desv. (Fabaceae, from Persia)
Viburnum plicatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae, from Ceylon)
Ficus sp. (Moraceae, from Ceylon)
lElaeagnus pungens Thunb. (Elaeagnaceae, from Ceylon)
Viburnum plicatum Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae, from Ceylon)
IClematis sp. (Ranunculaceae, from Ceylon)
ISpiraea cantoniensis Lour. (Rosaceae, from Ceylon)
Indet. (from Ceylon)

Phytolacca esculenta Van Houtte (Phytolaccaceae)
Saxifraga stolonifera Curtis (Saxifragaceae)

INDEX TO NEW TAXA

Pilea corona A.K. Monro 5
P. digitata A.K. Monro 7

Bulletin of The Natural History Museum
Botany Series

Earlier Botany Bulletins are still in print. The following can be ordered from Intercept (address on inside front cover). Where the complete backlist is not shown,
this mav also be obtained from the same address.

Volume 23

No. 1 Revision of Piper (Piperaceae) in the New World 3. The

taxonomy of Piper sections Lepianthes and Radula. M.C.
Tebbs. 1993. Pp. 1-50, 18 figs.

Mounting techniques for the preservation and analysis of
diatoms. S.J. Russell. 1993. Pp. 51-54. 1 fig. 43.25

No. 2 New taxa of Gentiana (Gentianaceae) from Western China and
the Himalayan region. T.-N. Ho and S.-W. Liu. 1993. Pp. 55-
60, 2 figs.

New combinations, names and taxonomic notes on Gentianella
(Gentianaceae) from South America and New Zealand. T.-N.
Ho and S.-W. Liu. 1993. Pp. 61-66.
Studies in Hypericum: validation of new names. N.K.B.
Robson. 1993. Pp. 67-70.

Generic monograph of the Asteraceae-Anthemideae. K.
Bremer and C.J. Humphries. 1993. Pp. 71-177, 12 figs. 43.25

Volume 24

No. 1 Pre-Linnaean references for the Macaronesian flora found in

Leonard Plukenet's works and collections. J. Francisco-Ortega,
A. Santos-Guerra and C.E. Jarvis. 1994. Pp. 1-34, 16 figs.
Studies on the lichen genus Sticta (Schreber) Ach.: II.
Typification of taxa from Swartz's Prodromus of 1788. D.J.
Galloway. 1993. Pp. 35-48, 9 figs.

Seaweeds of the western coast of tropical Africa and adjacent
islands: a critical assessment. IV. Rhodophyta (Florideae) 4.
Genera L-O. D.M. John, G.W. Lawson, J.H. Price, W.F.
Prud'homme van Reine and W.J. Woelkerling. 1994. Pp. 49-90,

Ifig.

Studies on the Cretan flora 3. Additions to the flora of
Karpathos. N.J. Turland and L. Chilton. 1994. Pp. 91-100,
1 fig. 43.25

No. 2 Observations on the benthic marine algal flora of South

Georgia: a floristic and ecological analysis. D.M. John, P.J.A.

Pugh and I. Tittley. 1994. Pp. 101-1 14, 8 figs.

Studies in Pseudocyphellaria (Lichens) IV. Palaeotropical

species (excluding Australia). D.J. Galloway. 1994. Pp. 1 15-

160, 36 figs.

Morphology and ecology of seedlings, fruits and seeds of

Panama: Bixaceae and Cochlospermaceae. N.C. Garwood.

1994. Pp. 161-172, 2 figs.

A study of Bixa (Bixaceae), with particular reference to the leaf
undersurface indumentum as a diagnostic character. R.E.
Dempsey and N.C. Garwood. 1994. Pp. 173-180, 2 figs.

43.40

Volume 25

No. 1 A revision of Rutilaria Greville (Bacillariophyta). R. Ross.

1995. Pp. 1-94, 76 figs, 20 plates.

William Roxburgh's St Helena plants. Q.C.B. Cronk. 1995.
Pp. 95-98.

43.40

No. 2 Seaweeds of the western coast of tropical Africa and adjacent
islands: a critical assessment. IV. Rhodophyta (Florideae) 5.
Genera P. G.W. Lawson, W.J. Woelkerling, J.H. Price, W.F.
Prud'homme Van Reine and D.M. John. 1995. Pp. 99-122,

Ifig.

A new species of Odontorrhynchos (Orchidaceae,

Spiranthinae) from Boliva. D.L. Szlachetko. 1995. Pp. 123-

125, 1 fig.

Linnaeus's interpretation of Prospero Alpino's De plantis

exoticis, with special emphasis on the flora of Crete. N.J.

Turland. 1995. Pp. 127-159, 27 figs.

Book review. M.G. Gilbert. 1995. P. 161 . 43.40

Volume 26

No. 1 A morphological study of Chaetoceros species

(Bacillariophyta) from the plankton of the Pacific ocean of
Mexico. D.U. Hernandez-Becerril. 1996. Pp. 1-73, 52 plates.

43.40

No. 2 Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae) 6. Sections 20.
Myriandra to 28. Elodes. N.K.B. Robson. 1996. Pp. 75-217,
43 maps, 29 figs. 43.40

Volume 27

No. 1 Notes on the diatom species Tetracyclus castellum (Ehrenb.)

Grunow with a description of Tetracyclus pseu docastellum nov.
sp. D.M. Williams. 1997. Pp. 1-5, 8 figs.
A new species of Calymperes (Musci: Calymperaceae) from
Peninsular Malaysia. L.T. Ellis. 1997. Pp. 7-9, 1 fig.
A phylogenetic conspectus of the tribe Hyoscyameae
(Solanaceae). A.L. Hoareand S. Knapp. 1997. Pp. 1 1-29, 7 figs.
A revision of Solanum section Pteroidea: Solanaceae. S. Knapp
and T Helgason. 1997. Pp. 31-73, 23 figs. 43.40

No. 2 Systematics of Pogostemon (Labiatae) G.R. Bhatti and M.

Ingrouille. 1997. Pp. 77-147, 40 figs. 43.40

Volume 28

No. 1 Morphology and ecology of seedlings, fruits and seeds of

Panama: Vochysiaceae. N.C. Garwood. 1998. Pp. 1-16, 3 figs.
A revision of the genus Mandragora (Solanaceae). S. Ungricht,
S. Knapp and J.R. Press. 1998. Pp. 17-10, 9 figs.
The pteridophytes of Sao Tome and Principe (Gulf of Guinea).
E. Figueiredo. 1998. Pp. 41-66, 2 figs. 43.40

No. 2 A revision of Brillantaisia (Acanthaceae). K. Sidwell. 1998.
Pp. 67-113, 5 maps, 16 figs.

Seaweeds of the western coast of tropical Africa and adjacent
islands: a critical assessment. IV. Rhodophyta (Florideae) 6.
Genera [Q] R-Z. and an update of current names for non-
geniculate Corallinales. W.J. Woelkerling, G.W. Lawson, J.H.
Price, D.M. John and W.F. Prud'homme van Reine. 1998.
Pp. 115-150, Ifig. 43.40

Volume 29

No. 1 The moss family Calymperaceae (Musci) in the Philippines.

L.T. Ellis. 1999. Pp. 1-46, 25 figs.

Revision of Hibiscus section Furcaria (Malvaceae) in Africa
and Asia. F.D. Wilson. 1 999. Pp. 47-79, 6 figs. 43.40

No. 2 Catalogue of the holdings in The Natural History Museum
(London) of the Australian botanical drawings of Ferdinand
Bauer (1760-1826) and cognate materials relating to the
Investigator voyage of 1801-1805. D.J. Mabberley and D.T.
Moore. 1999. Pp. 81-226, 268 figs. 43.40

Volume 30

No. 1 A new species of Heisteria (Olacaceae) from Mesoamerica. Q.

Jimenez and S. Knapp. 2000. Pp. 1-6.

Three new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from Costa Rica and

Panama. A.K. Monro. 2000. Pp. 7-12.

A revision of Solanum thelopodium species group (section

Anthoresis sensu Seithe, pro parte): Solanaceae. S. Knapp.

2000. Pp. 13-30.
No. 2 The genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) in Africa. J.P. Roux.

2000. Pp. 33-79.

Recent records of pteridophytes for Belize. Central America.

D.A. Sutton, A. Hughes and B. Bulmer-Thomas. 2000. Pp. 81-

99.

Collections of flowering plants by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton

from Nepal, 1802-1803. J.R. Press and K.K. Shrestha. 2000.

Pp. 101-130. 43.40

CONTENTS

i^H^BHHHIHHI

1 New synonymy in some Asian species of Syrrhopodon (Calymperaceae: Musci)

LT. Elite
5 Two new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from Panama

A.K. Monro

9 Synopsis of Mesoamerican Pilea (Urticaceae), including eighteen typifications and a key to
the species
A.K. Monro

27 The Japanese plant collection of Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716) in the Sir Hans Sloane
Herbarium at The Natural History Museum, London
P-A. Hinz
35 Index to new taxa

Bulletin of The Natural History Muse
BOTANY SERIES
Vol.31, No. 1, June 2001